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Herz oder Lunge?

Diagnostik und Management der unklaren Belastungsdyspnoe

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Zusammenfassung

Belastungsdyspnoe ist ein unspezifisches Symptom, dem vielfältige Ursachen zugrunde liegen können. Es kann schwierig sein, eine beginnende kardiale Erkrankung von einer pulmonalen Erkrankung oder Trainingsmangel zu differenzieren, auch eine Adipositas erschwert die Gesamtbeurteilung. Seltene Erkrankungen wie pulmonale Hypertonie mit Belastungsdyspnoe als Kardinalsymptom werden in der Regel erst spät diagnostiziert. Ausgangspunkt einer erfolgreichen Abklärung ist eine sorgfältige Anamnese. Die Kombination aus Symptomen und Befunden führt zur Differenzialdiagnose. Einfach verfügbare Basisuntersuchungen wie körperliche Untersuchung, EKG, Spirometrie und Labor helfen bei der Diagnosestellung. Bei ungeklärten Ursachen stehen die erweiterte Diagnostik wie Echokardiographie und Blutgasanalyse und schließlich Spezialuntersuchungen zur Verfügung. Spiroergometrie und Echokardiographie unter Belastung sowie Rechtsherzkatheter in Ruhe und ggf. unter Belastung durch erfahrene Untersucher erlauben die genaue Differenzierung.

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Correspondence to H. Wilkens.

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Interessenkonflikt

H. Wilkens hat Honorare für Vorträge und/oder Beratertätigkeiten von Actelion, Bayer Health Care, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Pfizer und Roche erhalten. M. Held hat Honorare für Vorträge und/oder Beratertätigkeiten von Actelion, Bayer Health Care, BerlinChemie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sanlkyo, MSD und Pfizer erhalten.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren. Der Verlag erklärt, dass die inhaltliche Qualität des Beitrags von zwei unabhängigen Gutachtern geprüft wurde. Werbung in dieser Zeitschriftenausgabe hat keinen Bezug zur CME-Fortbildung. Der Verlag garantiert, dass die CME-Fortbildung sowie die CME-Fragen frei sind von werblichen Aussagen und keinerlei Produktempfehlungen enthalten. Dies gilt insbesondere für Präparate, die zur Therapie des dargestellten Krankheitsbildes geeignet sind.

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Wilkens, H., Held, M. Herz oder Lunge?. CME 16, 9–21 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11298-019-6907-2

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