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Natural population structure and genetic differentiation for heterodicogamous plant: Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja (Juglandaceae)

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Abstract

Cyclocarya paliurus, a Chinese monotypic genus belonging to the Juglandaceae, exhibits a widespread distribution in southern China. To provide resource support for its future breeding and medicinal utilization, much information involving natural population succession and genetic diversity of C. paliurus should be obtained. In this study, the structures of 30 natural populations throughout its distribution were analyzed based on the investigation, showing the ratio of individuals with DBH < 40 cm accounting for 71.7%. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) were used for evaluation of 244 individuals from 29 natural populations. High-level polymorphism (100%) indicates high efficiency of two markers. Analysis demonstrated that genetic diversity (value of 0.18 for ISSR and 0.09 for SSR) was low among populations. While gene flow among populations reached 1.182 and 1.335 for ISSR and SSR, respectively, indicating genetic variations mainly existing within population. Twenty-six populations (size ≥5 individuals) were grouped into five clusters based on the combined ISSR and SSR loci. The value of Nei’s coefficient varying from 0.87 to 0.96 indicates small differentiation among groups. Furthermore, we speculate that C. paliurus is an expanding species in subtropical China (most of populations are increasing type (IP)) and discuss the strategy of germplasm conservation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Number 31470637) and the Priority Academic Programme Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). The authors also would like to thank Mr. Qingliang Liu, Mr. Jie Xu, and Dr. Bo Deng from Nanjing Forestry University for their contribution to investigation and collection of natural resources.

Data archiving statement

The SSR primers (S4, S6, S8, S15, S17, and S24) used in this work are available in GeneBank (The corresponding GenBank accession are JX575772, JX575774, JX575776, JX575783, JX575785, JX575792). Nine ISSR primers were screened from UBC primer set 9#.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Southern Modern Forestry Collaborative Innovation Centre, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Xiaochun Li, Xiangxiang Fu, Xulan Shang, Wanxia Yang & Shengzuo Fang

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  1. Xiaochun Li
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  2. Xiangxiang Fu
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  3. Xulan Shang
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  4. Wanxia Yang
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  5. Shengzuo Fang
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Correspondence to Xiangxiang Fu.

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Communicated by M. Wirthensohn

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Li, X., Fu, X., Shang, X. et al. Natural population structure and genetic differentiation for heterodicogamous plant: Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja (Juglandaceae). Tree Genetics & Genomes 13, 80 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-017-1157-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-017-1157-5

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