Table 6 Odds ratio estimates, lower and upper confidence interval (CI) of the extent of use of IK to control ticks

From: Utilisation of indigenous knowledge to control ticks in goats: a case of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

Predictor Odds ratio Lower CI Upper CI P value
Production rangeland type (wet vs dry) 3.044 1.093 8.477 *
Gender of the farmer (men vs women) 2.946 1.0805 8.590 ***
Education (uneducated vs educated) 1.219 0.268 1.912 ns
Residing on farm (yes vs no) 1.242 0.457 3.372 ***
Training (yes vs no) 0.716 0.338 4.402 ns
Age (> 55 vs < 30 years) 2.897 0.321 6.502 *
Member of farmers association (yes vs no) 1.601 0.599 4.279 ns
Employment status (unemployed vs. employed) 1.450 0.521 4.032 ns
Herbalist in the area (yes vs no) 3.639 1.107 11.962 *
  1. Higher odds ratio estimates indicate greater difference in occurrence between levels of predictors
  2. aIf the upper confidence interval > 1—significantly different; if the upper confidence interval < 1—not significantly (ns) different
  3. NS not significant (P > 0.05)
  4. Significant at *P < 0.05 and highly significant at **P < 0.01
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