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Cross-sectional study of the G and P genotypes of rotavirus A field strains circulating in regularly vaccinated dairy cattle herds

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Abstract

Neonatal diarrhea is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in calves up to 30 days old, and rotavirus A (RVA) is the main viral etiology. RVA vaccines are one of the main tools for diarrhea control in neonates. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to monitor by RT-PCR the G and P genotypes of RVA strains identified in dairy cattle herds regularly vaccinated with the RVA UK strain (G6P[5]). Of the 14 randomly selected herds, two were excluded because no calf was diagnosed with diarrhea on the day of fecal collection. Another six herds were also excluded from the study because all 20 diarrheic fecal samples evaluated were RT-PCR-negative. In the remaining six herds, 17 (25.4%) of the 67 diarrheic samples were RVA-positive. One G and P amplicon from each herd were selected for nucleotide sequencing. In the phylogenetic analysis, five RVA strains presented the G6P[11] genotype, and one presented the G10P[11] genotype. The G6 genotype present in all RVA field strains clustered into a distinct phylogenetic arrangement (lineage III) of the UK vaccine strain (lineage IV), characterizing the emergence of a phylogenetically distant G6 strain. In addition, we observed the emergence of strains with G10 and P[11] genotypes characterizing failure in heterologous immune protection. These results show the epidemiological importance of constant monitoring of RVA strains in vaccinated cattle herds and the low frequencies of diarrhea and diagnosis of RVA suggest that a regular vaccination program reduces the frequency and severity of RVA diarrhea in suckling calves.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the following Brazilian Institutes for financial support: the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES), and the Araucária Foundation (FAP/PR). Alfieri, A.A. and Alfieri, A.F are recipients of CNPq fellowships.

Funding

This study was funded by INCT Leite (Grant number 465725/ 2014–7)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil

    Juliana T. T. Fritzen, Elis Lorenzetti, Marcos V. Oliveira, Vinicius R. Bon, Alice F. Alfieri & Amauri Alcindo Alfieri

  2. MSD Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil

    Henderson Ayres

  3. Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil

    Alice F. Alfieri

  4. National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT–LEITE), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil

    Amauri Alcindo Alfieri

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  1. Juliana T. T. Fritzen
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  2. Elis Lorenzetti
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  3. Marcos V. Oliveira
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  6. Alice F. Alfieri
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Correspondence to Amauri Alcindo Alfieri.

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Fritzen, J.T.T., Lorenzetti, E., Oliveira, M.V. et al. Cross-sectional study of the G and P genotypes of rotavirus A field strains circulating in regularly vaccinated dairy cattle herds. Trop Anim Health Prod 51, 887–892 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1769-2

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