Abstract
Bovine brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes great economic losses. The disease is endemic in Colombia and animal movements from infected herds carry a risk of introduction to other herds. With the objective of analyzing the animal movements and determining their relationship with bovine brucellosis, we performed a descriptive analysis of the space–time movement of livestock in Colombia between 2006 and 2014. Multiple linear regression models (MLR) were employed to determine the relationship between brucellosis status and animal movements at the province level. The prevalence of bovine brucellosis in cattle was the dependent variable, and a total of 14 independent variables related to location, year, census, and animal movements were included. The prevalence of bovine brucellosis was significantly affected by the province (F = 3.42; P < 0.001), the year (F = 9.03; P < 0.001), and bovine (F = 5.45; P = 0.02) and equine movements (F = 3.8; P = 0.053). Fewer cattle and more horses entered provinces with high prevalence than those with low prevalence, indicating the possible relationship between the animal movements and the brucellosis infection in the country.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bamaiyi, P.H., 2016. Prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis in man and domestic animals: A review. International Journal of One Health, 2, 29–34. https://doi.org/10.14202/IJOH.2016.29-34
Cárdenas, L., Melo, O. and Casal, J., 2018. Evolution of bovine brucellosis in Colombia over a 7-year period (2006–2012). Tropical Animal Health and Production, 50, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1395-4
De Figueiredo, P., Ficht, T.A., Rice-Ficht, A., Rossetti, C.A. and Adams, L.G., 2015. Pathogenesis and Immunobiology of Brucellosis: Review of Brucella–Host Interactions. The American journal of pathology, 185(6), 1505–1517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.03.003
Ducrotoy, M., Bertu, W.J., Matope, G., Cadmus, S., Conde-Álvarez, R., Gusi, A.M., Wlburn, S., Ocholi, R., Blasco, J.M. and Moriyón, I., 2015. Brucellosis in Sub-Saharan Africa: current challenges for management, diagnosis and control. Acta Tropica, 165, 179–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.10.023
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). Resolución 550 de 28 de febrero de 2006 “Por la cual se establecen medidas sanitarias para el control de la Brucelosis en las especies bovina, bubalina, caprina y ovina en la República de Colombia”. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, Bogotá, Colombia. 2006. https://www.ica.gov.co/getattachment/4ff425ff-bae8-432c-9266-5981652761fd/R0550.aspx. Accessed 16 June 2018
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). Resolución 1192 de 18 de abril de 2008 “Por la cual se establecen medidas sanitarias para la Prevención, el Control y la erradicación de la Brucelosis en las especies bovina, bubalina, caprina, ovina y porcina en la República de Colombia”. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, Bogotá, Colombia. 2008. https://www.ica.gov.co/getattachment/3edf9d2a-9402-45ce-a5c9-5e1b85e94e9a/R1192.aspx. Accessed 16 June 2018
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). Resolución 840 de 16 de febrero de 2011 “Por medio de la cual se establecen medidas sanitarias para la prevención, el control y la erradicación de la brucelosis en las especies bovina, bufalina, caprina, ovina y porcina en Colombia”. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, Bogotá, Colombia. 2011. https://www.ica.gov.co/Normatividad/Normas-Ica/Resoluciones-Oficinas-Nacionales/RESOLUCIONES-DEROGADAS/RESOLUCION-840-DE-2011.aspx. Accessed 16 June 2018
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). Resolución 1332 de 12 de marzo de 2013 “Por medio de la cual se actualizan las medidas sanitarias para la prevención, el control y la erradicación de la brucelosis en las especies bovina y bufalina en Colombia”. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, Bogotá, Colombia. 2013. https://www.ica.gov.co/Normatividad/Normas-Ica/Resoluciones-Oficinas-Nacionales/RESOLUCIONES-DEROGADAS/Resol-1332-de-2013.aspx. Accessed 16 June 2018
Ishibashi, R.C., Hildebrand-Grisi-Filho, J.H., Dias, R.A., Ferreira, F., Soares-Ferreira-Neto, J., Picão-Gonçalves, V.S., Silveira-Marques, F., Lopes-Negreiros, R., Ossada, R. and Amaku, M., 2016. Cattle movement network, herd size, and bovine brucellosis in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, 37(5), 3777–3792. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n5Supl2p3777
Junqueira Jr., D.G., Seles, E.M., Picão, V.S., Santana, J.A., de Andrade, V.M., Romero, R., Silva, M.X., Arrais A.L., Pereira, F., Reinato, A.P., Heinemann, M.B. and Pereira, A., 2015. Brucellosis in working equines of cattle farms from Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Preventive veterinary medicine, 121(3–4), 380–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.06.008
McDermott, J., Grace, D. and Zinsstag, J., 2013. Economics of brucellosis impact and control in low-income countries. OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique, 32, 249–261
Moreno, E., 2014. Retrospective and prospective perspectives on zoonotic brucellosis. Frontiers in microbiology, 5, 213. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00213
Norman, F.F., Monge-Maillo, B., Chamorro-Tojeiro, S., Pérez-Molina, J.A. and López-Vélez, R., 2016. Imported brucellosis: A case series and literature review. Travel medicine and infectious disease, 14(3), 182–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.05.005
OIE, 2016. The World Organisation for Animal Health. Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. Chapter 2.1.4. Brucellosis (Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis) (Infection with Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis). Version adopted in May 2016. OIE, Paris. http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.01.04_BRUCELLOSIS.pdf. Accessed 16 June 2018
OIE, 2018. The World Organisation for Animal Health. Terrestrial Animal Health Code. Chapter 8.4. Infection with Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis. OIE, Paris http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahc/current/chapitre_bovine_brucellosis.pdf. Accessed 16 June 2018
QGIS Development Team, 2018. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. http://qgis.osgeo.org
R Development Core Team: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2018. http://www.R-project.org
Stringer, L.A., Guitian, F.J., Abernethy, D.A., Honhold, N.H. and Menzies, F.D., 2008. Risk associated with animals moved from herds infected with brucellosis in Northern Ireland. Preventive veterinary medicine, 84(1), 72–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.11.005
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Colombian official veterinary service for providing information and for supporting the development of this study. Liliana Cardenas holds a Ph.D. grant from the Ministry of Education in Colombia (COLCIENCIAS 617/2013 scholarship). The authors also wish to thank Dr. Jose Maria Blasco for his useful advice on this paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The manuscript does not contain clinical studies or patient data.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cárdenas, L., Cañas-Álvarez, J.J., Vázquez, A. et al. Analysis of domestic animal movements in Colombia (2006–2014) and their possible influence on the bovine brucellosis spread. Trop Anim Health Prod 51, 383–388 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1701-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1701-9