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An annotated list and molecular data on larvae of gryporhynchid tapeworms (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) from freshwater fishes in Africa

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Abstract

An annotated list of larvae (metacestodes) of gryporhynchid tapeworms (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) from freshwater fishes in Africa is provided with numerous new host and geographical records. Newly collected materials from Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Madagascar, Namibia, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan and Zimbabwe practically double the total number of species reported from African fish so far. We confirm the occurrence of 16 species (five unidentified to the species level and most likely representing new taxa) belonging to the genera Amirthalingamia Bray, 1974 (1 species), Cyclustera Fuhrmann, 1901 (2 species), Dendrouterina Fuhrmann, 1912 (1 species), Neogryporhynchus Baer & Bona, 1960 (1 species), Paradilepis Hsü, 1935 (4 species), Parvitaenia Burt, 1940 (5 species), and Valipora Linton, 1927 (2 species). Additionally, metacestodes of four unidentified species of Paradilepis and Parvitaenia are reported from fish for the first time. Rostellar hooks of all species are illustrated and their measurements are provided together with a host-parasite list. The molecular phylogenetic analysis based on partial LSU rDNA sequences offers the first insight into the internal phylogenetic relationships within the family. Together with the morphological observations, the present study provides a taxonomic baseline for future studies on this largely neglected, but widely distributed and relatively frequent, group of parasites of African fishes, including economically important cichlids like tilapias and cyprinids.

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Acknowledgements

Two anonymous reviewers and the Editor provided helpful suggestions that helped improve the quality of the manuscript. The authors are also indebted to Miloslav Jirků (Institute of Parasitology, BC CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic), Božena Koubková (Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic) and Olena Kudlai (North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa) who generously provided us with specimens of gryporhynchids from Kenya, Senegal and South Africa, respectively, Eva Řehulková and Maarten P. M. Vanhove (Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium) and J. Rasamy Razanabolana (University of Antananarivo, Madagascar), J. R. Rasoloariniaina (Centre National de Recherche sur l’Environnement, Antananarivo) for their assistance with fish dissection and parasite collection from cichlid fish in Madagascar, and Marliese Truter (North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa) for her assistance with dissecting P. philander in North-West Province. TS is obliged to staff of the Royal Museum of Central Africa, especially Tine Huyse and Christophe Allard, for help during his short stay in Tervuren.

Funding

This study was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (project No. P505/12/G112) and Institute of Parasitology (institutional support RVO 60077344). Some of the results formed part of the BSc thesis of L. Uhrová. Stay of TS in the Royal Museum of Central Africa in Tervuren, Belgium, in February 2016 was funded by the EU-SYNTHESYS Project BE-TAF-5671. This work is also based on the research supported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant no. 101054). Any opinion, finding and conclusion or recommendation expressed in this material is that of the authors and the funding agencies do not accept any liability in this regard.

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  1. T. Scholz and S. Tavakol contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Tomáš Scholz, Lucie Uhrová & Jan Brabec

  2. Department of Parasitology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 31a, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Lucie Uhrová

  3. Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa

    Sareh Tavakol, Iva Přikrylová, Ali Halajian & Wilmien J. Luus-Powell

  4. Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic

    Iva Přikrylová, Šárka Mašová & Andrea Šimková

  5. Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa

    Iva Přikrylová

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Correspondence to Tomáš Scholz.

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Scholz, T., Tavakol, S., Uhrová, L. et al. An annotated list and molecular data on larvae of gryporhynchid tapeworms (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) from freshwater fishes in Africa. Syst Parasitol 95, 567–590 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-018-9796-y

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