Skip to main content
Log in

What is the primordial reference for ...?—Redux

  • Published:
Scientometrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Eugene Garfield’s quest of the primordial reference for the familiar and ubiquitous phrase ‘Publish or Perish’ led him to a 1942 monograph (The Scientist, 10(12):11, 1996). This quest is resumed two decades later here. Text mining applied to a sample of the mainstream and academic literature ever published, as well as crowdsourcing, yielded earlier references dating from 1934 and 1927. This search experiment suggests that ‘primordial reference chasing’ in full-text corpora remains an open problem for the community intersecting bibliometrics and information retrieval. Addressing it has the potential to rejuvenate Garfield’s work on historio-bibliography to improve our understanding of the genesis and diffusion of ideas, concepts, and associated metaphors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. http://dfr.jstor.org/?helpview=about_dfr.

  2. https://harzing.com/resources/publish-or-perish.

  3. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Publish_or_perish&diff=prev&oldid=735106196.

  4. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qBAZAAAAIAAJ&q=%22publish+or+perish%22.

  5. Disclaimer: the references provided here are not necessarily primordial references.

References

  • Bowman, I. (1934). William Morris Davis [Obituary]. The Geographical Review, 24(2), 177–181. JSTOR: 208785.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruza, P., & Weeber, M. (2008). Literature-based discovery (Vol. 15). Information science and knowledge management. Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68690-3.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, J., Brenner, A., Kiser, K., Krot, M., Llewellyn, C., & Snyder, R. (2009). JSTOR—data for research. In M. Agosti, J. Borbinha, S. Kapidakis, C. Papatheodorou, & G. Tsakonas (Eds.), ECDL’09: Proceedings of the 13th European conference on research and advanced technology for digital libraries (Vol. 5714, pp. 416–419). LNCS. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04346-8_48.

  • Cabanac, G. (2014). Extracting and quantifying eponyms in full-text articles. Scientometrics, 98(3), 1631–1645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-013-1091-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Case, C. M. (1927–1928). Scholarship in sociology. Sociology and Social Research, 12, 323–340. Retrieved from http://www.sudoc.fr/036493414.

  • Crane, D. (1967). The gatekeepers of science: Some factors affecting the selection of articles for scientific journals. The American Sociologist, 2(4), 195–201. JSTOR: 27701277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, A. W. F. (2005). System to rank scientists was pedalled by Jeffreys [correspondence]. Nature, 437(7061), 951. https://doi.org/10.1038/437951e.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garfield, E. (1959). A unified index to science. In Proceedings of the international conference on scientific information (Vol. 1, pp. 461–474). Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council.

  • Garfield, E. (1967). Primordial concepts, citation indexing, and historio-bibliography. The Journal of Library History, 2(3), 235–249. JSTOR: 25540056.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garfield, E. (1996). What is the primordial reference for the phrase ‘publish or perish’? [commentary]. The Scientist, 10(12), 11. Retrieved from http://the-scientist.com/17052.

  • Garfield, E., Pudovkin, A. I., & Istomin, V. S. (2002). Algorithmic citation-linked historiography—mapping the literature of science. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 39(1), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450390102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giles, J. (2005). Science in the web age: Start your engines. Nature, 438(7068), 554–555. https://doi.org/10.1038/438554a.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harzing, A.-W. (2010). The Publish or Perish book: Your guide to effective and responsible citation analysis. Melbourne, Australia: Tarma Software Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harzing, A.-W., & Alakangas, S. (2016). Google Scholar, Scopus and the Web of Science: A longitudinal and cross-disciplinary comparison. Scientometrics, 106(2), 787–804. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1798-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch, J. E. (2005). An index to quantify an individual’s scientific research output. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(46), 16569–16572. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507655102.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Hurt, L. (1961). Publish and perish. College English, 23(1), 5–10. https://doi.org/10.2307/373930.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacso, P. (2005). As we my search—Comparison of major features of the Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar citation-based and citation-enhanced databases. Current Science, 89(9), 1537–1547. JSTOR: 24110924.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, L., Killough, K., & Thomas, S. L. (2012). A 10 year collaboration—still going strong, Ulrich’s and ISSN. The Serials Librarian, 62(1–4), 151–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361526x.2012.652907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy, H. C. (1972). Who discovered Boyer’s law? The American Mathematical Monthly, 79(1), 66–67. https://doi.org/10.2307/2978134.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Khabsa, M., & Giles, C. L. (2014). The number of scholarly documents on the public web. PLoS One, 9(5), e93949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093949.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, Y., Michel, J.-B., Aiden, E. L., Orwant, J., Brockman, W., & Petrov, S. (2012). Syntactic annotations for the Google Books Ngram corpus. In ACL’12: Proceedings of the 50th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics (pp. 169–174). Stroudsburg, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics. Retrieved from http://aclweb.org/anthology/P12-3029.

  • MacRoberts, M. H., & MacRoberts, B. R. (1986). Quantitative measures of communication in science: A study of the formal level. Social Studies of Science, 16(1), 151–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/030631286016001008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacRoberts, M. H., & MacRoberts, B. R. (2010). Problems of citation analysis: A study of uncited and seldom-cited influences. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 61(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayr, P., Frommholz, I., & Cabanac, G. (2017). Report on the 5th International Workshop on Bibliometric-enhanced Information Retrieval (BIR 2017). SIGIR Forum, 51(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1145/3130332.3130337.

  • McCain, K. W. (2014). Assessing obliteration by incorporation in a full-text database: JSTOR, economics, and the concept of “bounded rationality”. Scientometrics, 101(2), 1445–1459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-014-1237-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCain, K. W. (2015). Mining full-text journal articles to assess obliteration by incorporation: Herbert A. Simon’s concepts of bounded rationality and satisficing in economics, management, and psychology. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 66(11), 2187–2201. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merton, R. K. (1942). Science and technology in a democratic order. Journal of Legal and Political Sociology, 1(1), 115–126. https://doi.org/2027/mdp.39015008014428.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merton, R. K. (1968). The Matthew Effect in Science: The reward and communication systems of science are considered. Science, 159(3810), 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.159.3810.56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merton, R. K. (1988). The Matthew Effect in Science, II: Cumulative advantage and the symbolism of intellectual property. Isis, 79(4), 606–623. JSTOR: 234750.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michel, J.-B., Shen, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., The Google Books Team, et al. (2011). Quantitative analysis of culture using millions of digitized books. Science, 331(6014), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199644.

  • Molarino, M., McLuhan, C., & Toye, W. (Eds.). (1987). Letters of Marshall McLuhan. Toronto: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, D. J. d. S., & Beaver, D. d. (1966). Collaboration in an invisible college. American Psychologist, 21(11), 1011–1018. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0024051.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soete, L., Schneegans, S., Eröcal, D., Angathevar, B., & Rasiah, R. (2015). A world in search of an effective growth strategy. In S. Schneegans (Ed.), UNESCO Science Report: Towards 2030 (Chap. 1, pp. 20–55). Paris: UNESCO Reference Works. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002354/235406e.pdf.

  • Stigler, S. M. (1980). Stigler’s law of eponymy. In T. F. Gieryn (Ed.), Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences (Vol. 39(1), pp. 147–157). Robert K. Merton Festschrift Volume. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2164-0947.1980.tb02775.x.

  • Tennant, J. P., Waldner, F., Jacques, D. C., Masuzzo, P., Collister, L. B., & Hartgerink, C. H. J. (2016). The academic, economic and societal impacts of Open Access: An evidence-based review [version 3; referees: 4 approved, 1 approved with reservations]. F1000Research, 5, 632. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8460.3.

  • Tenopir, C. (1995). Authors and readers: The keys to success or failure for electronic publishing. Library Trends, 43(4), 571–591.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, K. S. (1992). The development of eponymy: A case study of the Southern blot. Scientometrics, 24(3), 405–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02051038.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Raan, A. F. J. (2004). Sleeping Beauties in science. Scientometrics, 59(3), 467–472. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:scie.0000018543.82441.f1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ware, M. & Mabe, M. (2015). The STM report: An overview of scientific and scholarly journal publishing. The Hague: International Association of Scientific. Retrieved from http://www.stm-assoc.org/2015_02_20_STM_Report_2015.pdf.

  • White, H. D., & McCain, K. W. (1998). Visualizing a discipline: An author co-citation analysis of information science, 1972–1995. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 49(4), 327–355. https://dx.doi.org/b57vc7.

  • Wilson, L. (1942). The academic man: A study in the sociology of a profession. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ye, F. Y. & Bornmann, L. (forthcoming). “Smart Girls” versus “Sleeping Beauties” in the sciences: The identification of instant and delayed recognition by using the citation angle. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23846.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guillaume Cabanac.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cabanac, G. What is the primordial reference for ...?—Redux. Scientometrics 114, 481–488 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2595-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2595-4

Keywords

Navigation