Skip to main content
Log in

Structural and chemical charactertistics of pectins, arabinogalactans, and arabinogalactan proteins from conifers

  • Reviews
  • Published:
Russian Chemical Bulletin Aims and scope

Abstract

In this review, we summarized the research data on the contents and chemical structures of pectic polysaccharides, arabinogalactans, and arabinogalactan proteins from coniferous species. The presently known structures of these polymers are given. Special attention is given to the description of chemical structural features of pectic polysaccharides from the Abies sibirica and Picea abies tree verdures (branches and needles). Three models presently suggested for the description of pectin macromolecular structures are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. O. Arifkhodzhaev, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2000, 36, 229 [Khim. Prir. Soedin, 2000, 185].

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. N. Trofimova, E. Medvedeva, N. Ivanova, Y. Malkov, V. Babkin, in The Complex World of Polysaccharides, Ed. D. N. Karunaratn, InTech, 2012, 634.

  3. Yu. S. Ovodov, Russ. J. Bioorg. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1998, 24, 423 [Bioorg. Khim, 1998, 24, 483].

    Google Scholar 

  4. E. N. Medvedeva, V. A. Babkin, L. A. Ostroukhova, Khvoinye borealnoi zony [Coniferous of the Boreal Zone], 2003, No. 1, 100 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. L. Galant, G. A. Luzio, W. W. Widmer, R. G. Cameron, Food Hydrocolloids, 2014, 35, 661.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. J.-P. Vincken, H. A. Schols, R. J. F. J Oomen, M. C. McCann, P. Ulvskov, A. G. J. Voragen, R. C. F. Visser, Plant Physiol., 2003, 132, 1781.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Peaucelle, S. Braybrook, H. Hofte, Front. Plant Sci., 2012, 3, Art. No. 121; 1615; doi: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00121.

    Google Scholar 

  8. M. C. Ralet, M. A. K. Williams, A. Tanhatan-Nasseri, D. Ropartz, B. Quéméner, E. Bonnin, Biomacromolecules, 2012, 13, 1615.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Tanhatan-Nasseri, M. J. Crepeau, J. F. Thibault, M. C. Ralet, Carbohydr. Polym., 2011, 86, 1236.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Yu. S. Ovodov, Russ. J. Bioorg. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 2009, 35, 269 [Bioorg. Khim., 2009, 35, 293].

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. A. Atmodjo, Z. Hao, D. Mohnen, Annu. Rev. Plant Biol., 2013, 64, 747.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Wolf, G. Mouille, J. Pelloux, Mol. Plant, 2009, 2, 851.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. K. H. Caffall, D. Mohnen, Carbohydr. Res., 2009, 344, 1879.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Harholt, A. Suttangkakul, H. V. Scheller, Plant Physiol., 2010, 153, 384.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. S. Wolf, S. Greiner, Protoplasma, 2012, 249, 169.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. B. M. Yapo, Carbohydr. Polym., 2011, 86, 373.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. B. M. Yapo, Polym. Rev., 2011, 51, 391.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. C. Delattre, T. A. Fenoradosoa, P. Michaud, Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol., 2011, 54, 6.

    Google Scholar 

  19. D. Mohnen, C. Opin, Plant. Biol., 2008, 11, 266.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. T. A. Gorshkova, Rastitel´naya kletochnaya stenka kak dinamichnaya sistema [Plant Cell Wall as a Dynamic System], Nauka, Moscow, 2007, 426 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  21. B. L. Ridley, M. A. O´Neill, D. A. Mohnen, Phytochem., 2001, 57, 929.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. H. A. Schols, A. G. J. Voragen, Pectins Pectinases, 1996, 5, 3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. J. P. Vincken, H. A. Schols, R. J. F. J. Oomen, G. Beldman, R. G. F. Visser, A. G. J. Voragen, in Advances in Pectin and Pectinase Research, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, 2003, p. 47.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  24. A. J. Ragauskas, M. Nagy, D. H. Kim, C. A. Echert, J. P. Hallett, C. L. Liotta, Ind. Biotechnol., 2006, 2, 55.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. B. Bertaud, B. Holmbom, Wood Sci. Technol., 2004, 38, 245.aaa

    Google Scholar 

  26. E. Sjöström, Wood Chemistry–Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd ed., Acad. Press, San Diego, 1993, 293 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  27. S. Willför, A. Sundberg, J. Hemming, B. Holmbom, Wood Sci. Technol., 2005, 39, 245.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. J. P. Thornber, D. H. Northcote, Biochem. J., 1961, 81, 449.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. J. P. Thornber, D. H. Northcote, Biochem. J., 1961, 81, 455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. N. A. Yartseva, G. V. Permyakova, P. A. Stepen´, Provodol´stvennye i kormovye resursy lesov Sibiri [Food and Feed Supplies of Siberian Forests], Krasnoyarsk, SB AS USSR Publishing House, 1983, 122 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  31. G. P. Grigoriuk, Int. Conf. Naturural Products and Physiologically Active Substanses (November, 30–December, 6, Novosibirsk, 1998), p. 79.

  32. V. A. Babkin, L. A. Ostroukhova, S. G. D´yachkova, Yu. K. Svyatkin, D. V. Babkin, N. A. Onuchina, Khimiya v interesakh ustoich. razvitiya [Chem. Sustainable Dev.], 1997, No. 5, 105 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  33. E. D. Levin, O. B. Denisov, R. Z. Pen, Kompleksnaya pererabotka listvennitsy [Integrated Processing of Larch], Moscow, 1978, 223 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  34. V. A. Babkin, L. A. Ostroukhova, N. V. Ivanova, Yu. A. Malkov, S. Z. Ivanova, O. V. Popova, Khvoinye borealnoi zony [Coniferous of the Boreal Zone], 2003, No. 1, 113 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  35. A. A. Efremov, T. A. Kondratyuk, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials], 2008, No. 4, 171 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  36. N. V. Ivanova, L. A. Ostroukhova, V. A. Babkin, S. Z. Ivanova, O. V. Popova, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials], 1999, No, 4, 5.

    Google Scholar 

  37. G. V. Permyakova, Territorial Conf. “Study and Ways for Application of Tree Bark” (May 27–31, 1985, Krasnoyarsk), Book of Abstracts, Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk, 1985, p. 80 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  38. N. V. Ivanova, O. V. Popova, V. A. Babkin, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials], 2003, No. 4, 43 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  39. N. V. Ivanova, R. G. Ovodova, V. A. Babkin, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials], 2006, No. 1, 15 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  40. RF Pat. 2403263; Byull. Izobret., 2010, No. 31 (in Russian).

  41. T. A. Kondratyuk, PhD Thesis, Krasnoyarsk State Trade and Economic Institute, Russia, Kemerovo, 2009, 172 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Pectosorbin, PVR-2-2.2/01025, State register of medicines and supplement feeds for animals, Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation; http://www.mcx.ru (in Russian).

  43. S. S. Bhattacharjee, T. E. Timell, Can. J. Chem., 1965, 43, 9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. A. I. Butylkina, V. A. Levdanskii, B. N. Kuznetsov, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials], 2011, No. 2, 77 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  45. RF Pat. 2364409; Byull. izobret., 2009, No. 23 (in Russian).

  46. E. A. Rechkina, G. A. Gubanenko, L. P. Rubchevskaya, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials], 2010, No. 4, 189 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  47. E. A. Rechkina, G. A. Gubanenko, L. P. Rubchevskaya, Sovr. Naukoem. Tekhnologii [Modern High Technologies], 2010, No. 1, 35 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  48. R. G. Ovodova, E. A. Kushnikova, S. V. Popov, O. A. Bushneva, in Prolemy khimii drevesiny i lesokhimii [Problems of Wood and Forest Chemistry], Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Syktyvkar, 1997, 15 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  49. E. A. Robakidze, K. S. Bobkova, Russ. J. Plant Physiol. (Engl. Transl.), 2003, 50, 509 [Physiol. Rast., 2003, 50, 573].

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. E. A. Robakidze, A. I. Patov, Russ. J. Plant Physiol. (Engl. Transl.), 2000, 47, 219 [Physiol. Rast., 2000, 47, 248].

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. E. N. Medvedeva, T. E. Fedorova, A. S. Vanina, A. V. Rokhin, L. A. Es´kova, V. A. Babkin, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya, [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials], 2006, No. 1, 25 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  52. S. Karacsonyi, V. Kovacik, J. Alföldi, M. Kubackova, Carbohydr. Res., 1984, 134, 265.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. P. Odonmazig, A. Ebringerová, E. Machová, J. Alföldi, Carbohydr. Res., 1994, 252, 317.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. I. M. Borisov, E. N. Shirokova, R. Kh. Mudarisova, R. R. Muslukhov, Yu. S. Zimin, S. A. Medvedeva, G. A. Tolstikov, Yu. B. Monakova, Russ. Chem. Bull. (Int. Ed.), 2004, 53, 318 [Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 2004, 305].

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. M. M. Chochieva, I. P. Tsvetaeva, M. K. Yur´eva, A. F. Zaitseva, in Trudy Instituta lesa AN SSSR [Proceedings of the Forest Institute of the Academy of Sciences of USSR], vol. XLV, 1958, p. 31 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  56. N. G. Moskovtsev, T. P. Belova, T. A. Valetov, Khim. Drevesiny [Wood Chemistry], 1988, No. 1, 112 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  57. V. A. Babkin, L. A. Ostroukhova, N. N. Trofimova, Biomassa listvenitsy: ot khimicheskogo sostava do innovatsionnykh produktov [Larch Biomass: From Chemical Composition to Innovative Products], Ed. A. A. Semenov, SB RAS Publishing House, Novosibirsk, 2011, 236 pp. (in Russian).

  58. E. N. Medvedeva, V. A. Babkin, O. A. Makarenko, S. M. Nikolaev, V. B. Khobrakova, A. M. Shulunova, T. E. Fedorova, L. A. Es´kova, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya [Chemistry of Plant Raw Materials] 2004, No. 4, 17 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  59. T. L. Putoczki, F. Pettolino, M. D. W. Griffin, R. Möller, J. A. Gerrard, A. Bacic, S. L. Jackson, Planta, 2007, 226, 1131.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. F. Bertaud, B. Holmbom, Wood Sci. Technol., 2004, 38, 245.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. L. Leppänen, P. Spetz, A. Pranovich, K. Hartonen, V. Kitunen, H. Ilvesniemi, Wood Sci. Technol., 2010, 45, 223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. R. Chandrasekaran, S. Janaswamy, Carbohydr. Res., 2002, 337, 2211.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. F. Orsa, B. Holmbom, J. Thornton, Wood Sci. Technol., 1997, 31, 279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. J. Krogell, E. Korotkova, A. Pranovich, T. Salmi, D. Murzin, S. Willför, Bioresour. Technol., 2013, 143, 212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. A. M. Stephen, in The Polysaccharides, Ed. G. O. Aspinall, Academic Press. Inc., New York, 1983, p. 122.

  66. S. Willför, R. Sjoholm, C. Laine, B. Holmbom, Wood Sci. Technol., 2002, 36, 101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. S. Willför, B. Holmbom, Wood Sci. Technol., 2004, 38, 173.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. T. E. Timell, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem., 1964, 19, 247.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. T. E. Timell, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem., 1965, 20, 409.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. T. E. Timell, Wood Sci. Technol., 1967, 1, 45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. S. Haq, G. A. Adams, Can. J. Chem., 1961, 39, 1563.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. S. C. Churms, E. H. Merrifield, A. M. Stephen, Carbohydr. Res., 1978, 64, C1.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. T. E. Eremeeva, T. O. Bykova, Carbohydr. Polym., 1992, 18, 217.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. G. R. Ponder, Carbohydr. Polym., 1998, 36, 1.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. J. H. Prescott, E. V. Groman, G. Gulyas, Carbohydr. Res., 1997, 301, 89.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. H. Bouveng, B. Lindberg, Acta Chem. Scand., 1958, 12, 1977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. I. Spiridon, V. I. Popa, in Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources, Eds M. N. Belgacem, A. Gandhini, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2008, p. 289.

  78. P. Mäki-Avella, T. Salmi, B. Holmbom, S. Willför, D. Y. Murzin, Chem. Rev., 2011, 111, 5638.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. B. P. da Silva, J. P. Parente, Planta Med., 2002, 68, 74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. A. Clarke, R. Anderson, B. Stone, Phytochemistry, 1979, 18, 521.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. G. F. Antonova, N. A. Tyukavkina, Khim. Drevesiny, 1976, No. 4, 60 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  82. G. F. Antonova, A. I. Usov, Bioorg. Khim., 1984, 10, 1664 [Sov. J. Bioorg. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1984, 10].

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. C. Laine, Doct. Dis., Helsinki University of Technology, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  84. G. R. Ponder, G. N. Richards, Carbohydr. Polym., 1997, 34, 251.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. G. R. Ponder, G. N. Richards, J. Carbohydr. Chem., 1997, 16, 195.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. V. A. Babkin, L. A. Ostroukhova, Yu. A. Malkov, S. Z. Ivanova, N. A. Onuchina, D. V. Babkin, Khimiya v interesakh ustoich. razvitiya [Chem. Sustainable Dev.], 2001, 9, No. 3, 363 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  87. G. R. Ponder, G. N. Richards, Carbohydr. Chem., 1997, 16, 181.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. I. M. Borisov, E. N. Shirokova, V. A. Babkin, G. A. Tolstikov, Yu. B. Monakov, Dokl. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 2002, 383, 117 [Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 2002, 383, 774].

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. V. I. Dubrovina, S. A. Medvedeva, G. P. Aleksandrova, N. A. Tyukavkina, E. P. Golubinskii, T. A. Ivanova, Zh. A. Konovalova, Farmatsiya, 2001, No. 5, 26 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  90. G. O. Aspinall, T. M. Wood, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 1686.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Š. Karácsonyi, V. Kovácik, D. Kákoniová, Cell. Chem. Technol., 1996, 30, 359.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Š. Karácsonyi, V. Pätoprstý, M. Kubacková, Carbohydr. Res., 1998, 307, 271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. E. M. Goellner, J. Utermoehlen, R. Kramer, B. Classen, Carbohydr. Polym., 2011, 86, 1739.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. G. A. Adams, Can. J. Chem., 1960, 38, 280.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. G. J. Seifert, K. Roberts, Annu. Rev. Plant Biology, 2007, 58, 137.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. C. M. Altaner, E. N. Tokareva, M. C. Jarvi, P. J. Harris, Physiology, 2010, 30, 782.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Pat. US 6406686; http://patft.uspto.gov/.

  98. H. Yamada, H. Kiyohara, in Immunomodulatory Agents from Plants, Ed. H. Wagner, Birkhäuser, Basel, 1999, p. 161.

  99. B. S. Paulsen, H. Barsett, Adv. Polym. Sci., 2005, 186, 69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Y. Kaneo, T. Ueno, H. Twase, Y. Yamaguchi, T. Uemura, Int. J. Pharm., 2000, 201, 59.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. M. Ellis, J. Egelund, C. J. Schultz, A. Bacic, Plant Physiol., 2010, 153, 403.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. L. Tan, A. M. Showalter, J. Egelund, A. HernandezSanchez, M. S. Doblin, A. Bacic, Front. Plant Sci., 2012, 3, Art. No. 140; doi: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00140.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Y. Gaspar, K. L. Johnson, J. A. McKenna, A. Bacic, C. J. Schultz, Plant Mol. Biol., 2001, 47, 161.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. T. Tryfona, H.-C. Liang, T. Kotake, S. Kaneko, J. Marsh, H. Ichinose, A. Lovegrove, Y. Tsumuraya, P. R. Shewry, E. Stephens, P. Dupree, Carbohydr. Res., 2010, 345, 2648.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. U. Egertsdotter, S. von Arnold, Physiol. Plant., 1995, 93, 334.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. J. Bobalek, M. Johnson, Photochem., 1983, 22, 1500.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. C. Loopstra, J. Puryear, Planta, 2000, 210, 686.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. C. Loopstra, V. R. Sedero, Plant Mol. Biol., 1995, 27, 277.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. S. Yang, H. Wang, S. Pratheesh, S. Claudio, C. Loopstra, Physiol. Plant., 2005, 124, 91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Y. Zhang, G. Brown, R. Whetton, C. A. Loopstra, D. Neale, M. J. Kieliszewski, R. R. Sederoff, Plant. Mol. Biol., 2003, 52, 91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. Y. Akiyama, S. Eda, K. Kato, Agric. Biol. Chem., 1982, 46, 1395.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Y. Tsumuraya, Y. Hashimoto, S. Yamamoto, N. Shibuya, Carbohydr. Res., 1984, 134, 215.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. J. Puhlmann, M. H. Zenk, H. Wagner, Phytochem., 1991, 30, 1141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. M. D. Serpe, E. A. Nothnagel, Plant Physiol., 1996, 112, 1261.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. P. Komalavilas, J. Zhu, E. Nothnagel, J. Biol. Chem., 1991, 24, 15956.

    Google Scholar 

  116. A. Gane, D. Craik, S. Munro, G. Howlett, A. Clarke, A. Bacic, Carbohydr. Res., 1995, 277, 67.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. M. Kreuger, G. van Holst, Plant Mol. Biol., 1996, 30, 1077.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. A. Clarke, R. Anderson, B. Stone, Phytochem., 1979, 18, 521.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. S. Kuhnel, S. W. A. Hinz, L. Pouvreau, J. Wery, H. A. Schols, H. Gruppen, Bioresour. Technol., 2010, 101, 8300.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. F. M. Nunes, A. Reis, A. M. S. Silva, M. Rosario, M. Domingues, M. A. Coimbra, Phytochem., 2008, 69, 1573.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Y. Westphal, S. Kühnel, P. de Waard, S. W. A. Hinz, H. A. Schols, A. G. J. Voragen, H. Gruppen, Carbohydr. Res., 2010, 345, 1180.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. A. Oosterveld, G. Beldman, H. A. Schols, A. G. J. Voragen, Carbohydr. Res., 2000, 328, 185.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. E. N. Makarova, O. A. Patova, E. G. Shakhmatov, S. P. Kuznetsov, Y. S. Ovodov, Carbohydr. Polym., 2013, 92, 1817.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. E. G. Shakhmatov, P. V. Toukach, E. A. Michailowa, E. N. Makarova, Carbohydr. Polym., 2014, 113, 515.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. RF Pat. 2448119; Byull. izobret., 2012, No. 11 (in Russian).

  126. E. N. Makarova, O. A. Patova, E. A. Mikhailova, V. A. Demin, Khim. Rast. Syr´ya, 2011, No. 2, 35 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  127. E. N. Makarova, E. G. Shakmatov, Russ. J. Bioorg. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 2012, 38, 707 [Khim. Rast. Syr´ya, 2011, No. 3, 59].

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. N. Khodaei, S. Karboune, Food Chem., 2013, 139, 617.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. A. Zykwinska, C. Rondeau-Mouro, C. Garnier, J. F. Thibault, M. C. Ralet, Carbohydr. Polym., 2006, 65, 510.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. E. G. Shakhmatov, E. V. Udoratina, K. V. Atukmaev, E. N. Makarova, Carbohydr. Polym., 2015, 123, 228.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. M. F. Basanta, M. F. de Escalada Plá, C. A. Stortz, A. M. Rojas, Carbohydr. Polym., 2013, 92, 830.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. B. M. Yapo, P. Lerouge, J. F. Thibault, M. C. Ralet, Carbohydr. Polym., 2007, 69, 426.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. N. K. Kochetkov, A. F. Bochkov, B. A. Dmitriev, A. I. Usov, O. S. Chizhov, V. N. Shibaev, Khimiya Uglevodov [Chemistry of Carbohydrates], Khimiya, Moscow, 1967, 672 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  134. Yu. S. Ovodov, Izbrannye glavy bioorganicheskoi khimii [Selected Topics in Bioorganic Chemistry], SSU, Syktyvkar, 1998, 222 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  135. P. J. H. Daas, K. Meyer-Hansen, H. A. Schols, G. A. de Ruiter, A. G. J. Voragen, Carbohydr. Res., 1999, 318, 135.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. A. G. J. Voragen, H. A. Schols, H. Gruppen, in Proc. Int. Symp. on Plant Polymeric Carbohydrates, Eds F. Meuser, D. J. Manners, W. Siebel, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1993, p. 1.

  137. P. Azadi, M. A. O´Neill, C. Bergmann, A. G. Darvill, P. Albersheim, Glycobiology, 1995, 5, 783.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. M. Mutter, C. M. G. C. Renard, G. Beldman, H. A. Schols, A. G. J. Voragen, Carbohydr. Res., 1998, 311, 155.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. E. N. Makarova, PhD Thesis (in Chem.), Institute of Chemistry of the Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Syktyvkar, 2014, 145 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  140. S. M. Cardoso, J. A. Ferreira, I. Mafra, A. M. S. Silva, M. A. Coimbra, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 7124.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. M. A. Coimbra, S. M. Cardoso, J. A. Lopes-da-Silva, in Carbohydrates in Sustainable Development I, Sprinder, Berlin–Heidelberg, 2010, p. 129; doi: 10.1007/128_2010_60.

    Google Scholar 

  142. H. Kim, J. Ralph, Chemistry, 2010, 8, 576.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. E. G. Shakmatov, E. N. Makarova, II All-Russian Conference “Fundamental Glycobiology” (July 7–11, 2014, Saratov), Book of Abstracts, Saratov, p. 92. (in Russian).

  144. N. R. Swamy, P. V. Salimath, Phytochem., 1991, 30, 263.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. D. A. Navarro, A. S. Cerezo, C. A. Stortz, Carbohydr. Res., 2002, 337, 255.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Y. Habibi, M. Mahrouz, M. R. Vignon, Carbohydr. Polym., 2005, 60, 319.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. S. Thude, B. Classen, Phytochem., 2005, 66, 1026.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. S. Mandal, S. Patra, B. Dey, S. K. Bhunia, K. K. Maity, S. S. Islam, Carbohydr. Polym., 2011, 84, 471.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. F. Dourado, S. M. Cardoso, A. M. S. Silva, F. M. Gama, M. A. Coimbra, Carbohydr. Polym., 2006, 66, 27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. I. Simkovic, I. Uhliariková, M. P. Yadav, R. Mendichi, Carbohydr. Polym., 2010, 82, 815.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. N. Makarova.

Additional information

Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1302–1318, June, 2015.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Makarova, E.N., Shakhmatov, E.G., Udoratina, E.V. et al. Structural and chemical charactertistics of pectins, arabinogalactans, and arabinogalactan proteins from conifers. Russ Chem Bull 64, 1302–1318 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-015-1011-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-015-1011-6

Key words

Navigation