Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the French version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment (EORTC) quality-of-life colorectal questionnaire (QLQ-CR38) and the functional assessment of cancer therapy-colorectal version 4 (FACT-C).
Method
This prospective study included 209 patients with colorectal cancer: 71 undergoing chemotherapy, 56 radiation, 15 surgery, and 67 survivors. Patients first completed in random order the FACT-C and the EORTC QLQ-CR38 and were asked if they had any preference for either questionnaire. The timing of administration of instruments differed according to patients’ treatment to better assess psychometric properties.
Results
The FACT-C showed good acceptability, good reproducibility and excellent internal consistency. The QLQ-CR38 had lower internal consistency. Patients did not express a preference for one survey over another.
Conclusion
This study confirms the value of the FACT-C and suggests some limits of the QLQ-CR38 for patients with colorectal cancer.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CCS:
-
Colorectal cancer subscale
- CRC:
-
Colorectal cancer
- EORTC:
-
European Organization for Research and Treatment
- FACT-C:
-
Functional assessment of cancer therapy-colorectal
- FACT-G:
-
Functional assessment of cancer therapy-general
- GHS:
-
Global health status
- ICC:
-
Intraclass correlation coefficient
- KPS:
-
Karnofsky performance status
- QLQ-CR38:
-
Quality-of-life colorectal questionnaire
- QoL:
-
Quality of life
- TOI-C:
-
Trial outcome index of FACT-C
References
Ferlay, J., et al. (2007). Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2006. Annals of Oncology, 18, 581–592.
Aaronson, N. K., et al. (1993). The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: a quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 85, 365–376.
Cella, D. F., et al. (1993). The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy scale: Development and validation of the general measure. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11, 570–579.
Conroy, T., et al. (2004). French version of FACT-G: Validation and comparison with other cancer-specific instruments. European Journal of Cancer, 40, 2243–2252.
Rodary, C., et al. (2004). Patient preference for either the EORTC QLQ-C30 or the FACIT Quality Of Life (QOL) measures: A study performed in patients suffering from carcinoma of an unknown primary site (CUP). European Journal of Cancer, 40, 521–528.
Costet, N., et al. (2005). Reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General (FACT-G) in French cancer patients. Quality of Life Research, 14, 1427–1432.
Sprangers, M. A., et al. (1999). The construction and testing of the EORTC colorectal cancer-specific quality of life questionnaire module (QLQ-CR38). European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Study Group on Quality of Life. European Journal of Cancer, 35, 238–247.
Ward, W. L., et al. (1999). Reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C) quality of life instrument. Quality of Life Research, 8, 181–195.
Lucas, C. P. (1992). The order effect: Reflections on the validity of multiple test presentations. Psychological Medicine, 22, 197–202.
Cull, A., et al. (1994). EORTC Quality of Life Study Group Translation Procedure. Brussels: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.
Lent, L., et al. (1999). Using cross-cultural input to adapt the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) scales. Acta Oncologica, 38, 695–702.
Cella, D. (1997). Manual of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) Measurement Syste. Version 4. Evanston IL: Center on Outcomes, Research & Education (CORE), Evanston Northwestern Healthcare and Northwestern University.
Fayers, P., et al. (2001). The EORTC QLQ-C30 Scoring Manual (3rd ed.). Brussels: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.
Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977) The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33, 159–174.
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297–334.
Camilleri-Brennan, J., & Steele, R.J. (2001) The impact of recurrent rectal cancer on quality of life. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 27, 349–353.
Allal, A. S., et al. (2005). Assessment of quality of life in patients with rectal cancer treated by preoperative radiotherapy: a longitudinal prospective study. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 61, 1129–1135.
Rauch, P., et al. (2004). Quality of life among disease-free survivors of rectal cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 22, 354–360.
Guren, M. G., et al. (2005). Quality of life and functional outcome following anterior or abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 31, 735–742.
Tjandra, J. J., et al. (2001). Phase II clinical trial of preoperative combined chemoradiation for T3 and T4 resectable rectal cancer: Preliminary results. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, 44, 1113–1122.
Camilleri-Brennan, J., & Steele, R. J. (2002). Objective assessment of morbidity and quality of life after surgery for low rectal cancer. Colorectal Disease, 4, 61–66.
Gujral, S., et al. (2007). Assessing quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer: An update of the EORTC quality of life questionnaire. European Journal of Cancer, 43, 1564–1573.
Blazeby, J. M., et al. (2004). Clinical and psychometric validation of a questionnaire module, the EORTC QLQ-STO 22, to assess quality of life in patients with gastric cancer. European Journal of Cancer, 40, 2260–2268.
Yoo, H. J., et al. (2005). Quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with colectomy and the validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C), Version 4. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 30, 24–32.
Tsunoda, A., et al. (2007). Validation of the Japanese version of EORTC QLQ-CR38. Quality of Life Research [Epub ahead of print].
Kavadas, V., et al. (2003). Development of an EORTC disease-specific quality of life questionnaire for use in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. European Journal of Cancer, 39, 1259–1263.
Yost, K. J., et al. (2005). Minimally important differences were estimated for the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C) instrument using a combination of distribution- and anchor-based approaches. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 58, 1241–1251.
Anthony, T., et al. (2003). The association of pretreatment health-related quality of life with surgical complications for patients undergoing open surgical resection for colorectal cancer. Annals of Surgery, 238, 690–696.
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge J. Blazeby, C. Carnin, P. Bataillard, E. Petit, and E Lesieu for assistance with patient interviews and the physicians M.C. Kaminsky, P. Rauch, D. Peiffert, G. Créhange, P. Maingon, G. Truc, J. Fraisse, J. Cuisenier, B. Chauffert, E. Désandes, and J.M. Tortuyaux who helped recruit patients. We also thank Sonya Eremenco, Evanston, Illinois, for permission to use the FACT-C, and the EORTC QoL Group, Brussels, for permission to use the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR38 questionnaires. This study was supported by grants from the French Ministry of Health Clinical Research Hospital Program (PHRC 2004) and the cancéropole Grand-Est.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rotonda, C., Conroy, T., Mercier, M. et al. Validation of the French version of the colorectal-specific quality-of-life questionnaires EORTC QLQ-CR38 and FACT-C. Qual Life Res 17, 437–445 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-008-9322-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-008-9322-9