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Short-Term Efficacy of Click City®: Tobacco: Changing Etiological Mechanisms Related to the Onset of Tobacco Use

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Abstract

This paper described the short-term results from an ongoing randomized controlled efficacy study of Click City®: Tobacco, a tobacco prevention program designed for 5th graders, with a booster in sixth grade. Click City®: Tobacco is an innovative school-based prevention program delivered via an intranet, a series of linked computers with a single server. The components of the program target theoretically based and empirically supported etiological mechanisms predictive of future willingness and intentions to use tobacco and initiation of tobacco use. Each component was designed to change one or more etiological mechanisms and was empirically evaluated in the laboratory prior to inclusion in the program. Short-term results from 47 elementary schools (24 schools who used Click City®: Tobacco, and 23 who continued with their usual curriculum) showed change in intentions and willingness to use tobacco from baseline to 1-week following the completion of the 5th grade sessions. The results demonstrate the short-term efficacy of this program and suggest that experimentally evaluating components prior to including them in the program contributed to the efficacy of the program. The program was most efficacious for students who were most at risk.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Martha Hardwick for recruiting schools and managing the delivery of the computers to intervention schools and the assessment of all students. A special thanks goes to the staff at InterVision, particularly Widya Kok and Tim Woolley, for their creative ideas, wonderful graphics and superb programming in the making of Click City®: Tobacco. We also thank Chris Widdop for data organization and analysis and Christine Lorenz for her assistance on all aspects of this project.

This research was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute awarded to Judy A. Andrews, R01 CA98555.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oregon Research Institute, 1715 Franklin Blvd., Eugene, OR, 97403-1983, USA

    Judy A. Andrews, Sarah E. Hampson, Barbara Gunn & Herbert H. Severson

  2. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Judith S. Gordon

  3. InterVision, Eugene, OR, USA

    Steven M. Christiansen

  4. Decision Research, Eugene, OR, USA

    Paul Slovic

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  1. Judy A. Andrews
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  2. Judith S. Gordon
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  3. Sarah E. Hampson
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  5. Barbara Gunn
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  6. Paul Slovic
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  7. Herbert H. Severson
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Correspondence to Judy A. Andrews.

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Andrews, J.A., Gordon, J.S., Hampson, S.E. et al. Short-Term Efficacy of Click City®: Tobacco: Changing Etiological Mechanisms Related to the Onset of Tobacco Use. Prev Sci 12, 89–102 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-010-0192-3

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