Abstract
Tom Bannister (1930–2018) was an extraordinary person and a remarkably productive scientist. He began his career studying the basics of photochemistry, biophysics, and biology of photosynthetic pigments and later moved on to primary production of algae. His publications on modeling of primary production rates in aquatic systems are among the most widely cited in the field of phytoplankton ecology. His scientific enthusiasm was contagious, and his knowledge of photosynthesis and phytoplankton ecology enabled him to wisely mentor an impressive group of graduate students. He encouraged his students to strike out on their own but was always supportive and caring. Tom had a great love of life and nature, and he had a wonderful sense of humor. His students and those with whom he interacted remember him with great fondness. We have included here remembrances from some of us as well as from Rich Dempsey; Michael (Mike) Johnson; Stephen Lien; Janet Pelley; Bruce Selman; and Rudy Slovacek.
References
Atlas T, Bannister TT (1980) Dependence of mean spectral extinction coefficient of phytoplankton on depth, water colour, and species. Limnol Oceanogr 19:1–12
Bannister TT (1954) Energy transfer between chromophore and protein in phyocyanin. Arch Biochem Biophys 49:222–233
Bannister TT (1959) Photoreduction of chlorophyll a in the presence of ascorbic acid in pyridine solutions. Plant Physiol 34:246–254
Bannister TT (1963a) Chlorophyll-sensitized reduction of safranine. Photochem Photobiol 2:519–525
Bannister TT (1963b) Photochimie de la chlorophylle en solution. Physiol Vegetale 1:1–13
Bannister TT (1963c) Les proprietes physiques et photochimiques de la chlorophylle colloidale. Physiol Vegetale 1:115–127
Bannister TT (1965) Simple oscillations in photosynthetic oxygen evolution. Biochim Biophys Acta 109:97–107
Bannister TT (1967) Effect of carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxy-phenylhydrazone on chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 143:275–278
Bannister TT (1972) The careers and contributions of Eugene Rabinowitch. Biophys J 12:707–718
Bannister TT (1974a) Production equations in terms of chlorophyll concentration, quantum yield, and upper limit to production. Limnol Oceanogr 19:1–12 (reprinted in Tyler JE (1978) Light in the sea. Benchmark papers in optics. Wiley)
Bannister TT (1974b) A general theory of steady state phytoplankton growth in a nutrient saturated mixed layer. Limnol Oceanogr 19:13–30
Bannister TT (1979) Quantitative description of steady-state, nutrient-saturated algal growth, including adaptation. Limnol Oceanogr 24:76–96
Bannister TT (1988) Estimation of absorption coefficients of scattering suspensions using opal glass. Limnol Oceanogr 33:607–615
Bannister TT (1990a) Empirical equations relating scalar irradiance to a, b/a, and solar zenith angle. Limnol Oceanogr 35:173–176
Bannister TT (1990b) Comparison of Kiefer-Mitchell and Bannister-Laws algal models comment. Limnol Oceanogr 35:972–979
Bannister TT (1990c) Modeling scalar irradiance. In: Proceedings of SPIE—the International Society for optical engineering, vol 1302. pp 113–122
Bannister TT (1992) Model of the mean cosine of underwater radiance and estimation of underwater scalar irradiance. Limnol Oceanogr 37:773–780
Bannister TT, Bernardini JE (1962) The photoreduction of chlorophyll in the presence of diphosphopyridine nucleotide in pyridine solutions. Biochim Biophys Acta 59:188–201
Bannister TT, Bernardini JE (1963) Physical and photochemical properties of a fluorescent chlorophyll colloid. Photochem Photobiol 2:535–549
Bannister TT, Bubeck RC (1978) Limnology of Irondequoit Bay. Monroe County, New York
Bannister TT, Laws EA (1980) Modeling phytoplankton carbon metabolism. In: Falkowski PG (ed) Primary productivity in the sea. Plenum, New York, pp. 243–258
Bannister TT, Rice G (1968) Parallel time courses of oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence. Biochim Biophys Acta 162:555–580
Bannister TT, Vrooman MJ (1964) Enhancement of the photosynthesis of Chlorella pyrenoidosa as a function of far-red and shortwave illuminations. Plant Physiol 39:629–662
Bannister TT, Weidemann AD (1984) The maximum quantum yield of phytoplankton photosynthesis in situ. J Plankton Res 6:275–294 (Keynote address at Group for Aquatic Primary Productivity Workshop, Konstanz, 1982)
Brody SS (1995) We remember Eugene (Rabinowitch and his laboratory during the fifties). Photosynth Res 43:67–74
Ghosh AK (2004) Passage of a young Indian physical chemist through the world of photosynthesis research at Urbana, Illinois, in the 1960s: a personal essay. Photosynth Res 80:427–437
Govindjee (2004) Robert Emerson, and Eugene Rabinowitch: understanding photosynthesis. In: Hoddeson L (ed). No Boundaries: University of Illinois Vignettes. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Chap. 12, pp 181–194. ISBN 0-252-0703-0
Hagar W, Punnett H, Punnett L, Govindjee (2011) A tribute to Thomas Roosevelt Punnet, Jr. (1926–2008). Photosynth Res 110:1–7
Hirsch RE, Rich M, Govindjee (2010) A tribute to Seymour Steven Brody: in memoriam (November 29, 1927 to May 25, 2010). Photosynth Res 106:191–199
Latimer P, Bannister TT, Rabinowitch E (1956) Quantum yields of fluorescence of plant pigments. Science 124:585–586
Latimer MG, Bannister TT, Govindjee (2017) Paul Henry Latimer (1925–2011): discoverer of selective scattering in photosynthetic systems. Photosynth Res 134:83–91
Laws EA, Bannister TT (1980) Nutrient- and light-limited growth of Thalassiosira fluviatilis in continuous culture, with implications for phytoplankton growth in the ocean. Limnol Oceanogr 25:457–473
Lien S, Bannister TT (1971) Multiple sites of DCIP reduction by sonicated oat chloroplasts: role of plastocyanin. Biochim Biophys Acta 245:448–465
Love B, Bannister TT (1963) Studies of colloidal chlorophyll in aqueous dioxane. Biophys J 3:99–113
Olson JM (ed) (1967) Energy conversion by the photosynthetic apparatus, Brookhaven Symposia in Biology # 19, Biology Department. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
Rabinowitch E (1959) Robert Emerson (1903–1959). Plant Physiol 34(3):179–184
Rabinowitch E (1961) Robert Emerson (1903–1959). Biogr Mem Natl Acad Sci USA 35:111–131
Rabinowitch A (2015) Founder and father. Bull Atomic Sci 61(1):30–37
Rice GE, Bannister TT (1980) Slow fluorescence fluctuations following high light to low light or dark transitions in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Biophys J 32:767–778
Selman BR, Bannister TT (1971) Trypsin inhibition of photosystem IL. Biochim Biophys Acta 253:428–436
Selman BR, Bannister TT (1974) Trypsin inhibition of photosynthetic pyridine nucleotide reduction. Biochim Biophys Acta 347:113–125
Selman BR, Bannister TT, Dilley R (1973) Trypsin inhibition of electron transport. Biochim Biophys Acta 292:566–581
Slovacek RE, Bannister TT (1973a) The effects of carbon dioxide concentration on oxygen evolution and fluorescence transients in synchronous cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Biochim Biophys Acta 292:729–740
Slovacek RE, Bannister TT (1973b) NH4Cl activation of the fluorescence yield in CO2-starved Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Biochim Biophys Acta 325:114–119
Slovacek RE, Bannister TT (1976) Evidence against proton gradient formation being the cause of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching by N-methylphenazonium methosulfate. Biochim Biophys Acta 430:165–181
Teichler-Zallen D, Hoch GE, Bannister TT (1972) Cyclic electron flow and respiratory inhibition in wild type and mutant strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress on photosynthesis research, Dr. W. Junk, N.V. Publishers, The Hague, pp. 643–648
Weidemann AD, Bannister TT (1986) Absorption and scattering coefficients in Irondequiot Bay. Limnol Oceanog 31:567–583
Weidemann AD, Bannister TT, Effler SW, Johnson DL (1985) Particulate and optical properties during CaCO3 precipitation in Otisco lake. Limnol Oceanogr 30:1078–1083
Acknowledgements
We are very grateful to many who have helped us in collecting information on Tom and his research. The list is too long, but it includes Curtis Degasperi and Melissa S. Mead (University Archivist and Rochester Collections Librarian) of the University of Rochester; Ms. Mead provided us necessary information on the “Collected Works of Thomas T. Bannister”, produced in 1997 at the time of his retirement from the University. Govindjee thanks Rajni Govindjee, George Papageorgiou, and John Munday for reading an early draft of a part of this Tribute. Finally, all the authors are highly thankful to Robert Blankenship, Editor of this Tribute, for his valuable help in getting it reviewed and for getting it into production.
Funding
The preparation of this manuscript was supported by personal funds of the authors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Appendix
Appendix
Photosynthesis Center at Urbana, Illinois, USA
Govindjee
During 1947–1959, the ‘Photosynthesis Center’ (also known as the ‘Photosynthesis Project’) at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (UIUC) was jointly headed by Robert Emerson and Eugene Rabinowitch; it was the major World center for studying photochemistry and biophysics of photosynthesis. For the life and work of Emerson (1903–1959), see Rabinowitch (1959, 1961), Govindjee (2004), and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=equPwbdOC64, and for Rabinowitch (1901–1973), see Bannister (1972), Brody (1995), and Rabinowitch (2015). We note that Eugene’s year of birth was really 1898, and his name at birth was Evgenii lsaakovich Rabinovich. For both Emerson and Rabinowitch, see Govindjee (2004) and Ghosh (2004).
We would like all of us to remember a few others who are no more, who were trained at UIUC, and who were also contemporaries of Tom Bannister. They were Tom Punnett (1926–2008, a student of Emerson; see Hagar et al. 2011); Steve Brody (1927–2010, a student of Rabinowitch; see Hirsch et al. 2010) and Paul Latimer (1925–2011, a student of Rabinowitch; see Latimer et al. 2017). Bannister (PhD in 1958) was almost the last of the full-fledged students of Rabinowitch, except for Danny Rubinstein (PhD in 1964). The other three: Govindjee (PhD in 1960), Rajni Govindjee (PhD in 1961) and Carl N. Cederstrand (joint PhD with Rabinowitch & Govindjee in 1965) were really initially trained by Robert Emerson.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Laws, E., Weidemann, A., Hoch, G. et al. In memory of Thomas Turpin Bannister (1930–2018). Photosynth Res 138, 129–138 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-018-0582-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-018-0582-0