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Soil water-holding capacity and monodominance in Southern Amazon tropical forests

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Abstract

Background and aims

We explored the hypothesis that low soil water-holding capacity is the main factor driving the monodominance of Brosimum rubescens in a monodominant forest in Southern Amazonia. Tropical monodominant forests are rare ecosystems with low diversity and high dominance of a single tree species. The causes of this atypical condition are still poorly understood. Some studies have shown a relationship between monodominance and waterlogging or soil attributes, while others have concluded that edaphic factors have little or no explanatory value, but none has accounted for soil-moisture variation other than waterlogging. This study is the first to explicitly explore how low soil water-holding capacity influences the monodominance of tropical forests.

Methods

We conducted in situ measurements of vertical soil moisture using electrical resistance collected over 1 year at 0–5; 35–40 and 75–80 cm depths in a B. rubescens monodominant forest and in an adjacent mixed-species forest in the Amazon-Cerrado transition zone, Brazil. Minimum leaf water potential (Ψmin) of the seven most common species, including B. rubescens, and soil water-holding capacity for both forests were determined.

Results

The vertical soil moisture decay pattern was similar in both forests for all depths. However, the slightly higher water availability in the monodominant forest and Ψmin similarity between B. rubescens and nearby mixed forest species indicate that low water-availability does not cause the monodominance.

Conclusions

We reject the hypothesis that monodominance of B. rubescens is primarily determined by low soil water-holding capacity, reinforcing the idea that monodominance in tropical forests is not determined by a single factor.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Brazilian National Council of Science and Technology (CNPq) for the PVE project #401279 (Professor Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds-UK), CNPq/PPBio project (#457602), productivity grants PQ-2 to B.H. Marimon-Junior and PQ-1 to B.S. Marimon and CNPq/PELD Etapa III (LTER) (#441244/2016-5). This research was also partially supported by Project USA-NAS/PEER (#PGA-2000005316) and Project ReFlor FAPEMAT 0589267/2016. We also thanks to MSc Emma Docherty (University of Leeds) by the English review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal - Rod, BR 158, km 650, Nova Xavantina, MT, 78.690-000, Brazil

    Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Halina Jancoski, Ricardo K. Umetsu & Beatriz S. Marimon

  2. Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil

    John Du Vall Hay

  3. Geography, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Imma Oliveras

  4. Geography, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK

    Ted R. Feldpausch

  5. School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    David R. Galbraith, Emanuel U. Gloor & Oliver L. Phillips

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  1. Ben Hur Marimon-Junior
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Marimon-Junior, B.H., Hay, J.D.V., Oliveras, I. et al. Soil water-holding capacity and monodominance in Southern Amazon tropical forests. Plant Soil 450, 65–79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04257-w

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