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Plant-feeding nematodes in coastal sand dunes: occurrence, host specificity and effects on plant growth

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Abstract

Aims

Coastal sand dunes have a well-established abiotic gradient from beach to land and a corresponding spatial gradient of plant species representing succession in time. Here, we relate the distribution of plant-feeding nematodes with dominant plant species in the field to host specialization and impacts on plant species under controlled greenhouse conditions.

Methods

We assessed plant-feeding nematodes in soil and roots of six plant species that dominate the vegetation at successional positions along the gradient. In controlled conditions, we determined performance of all plant-feeding nematodes on each plant species and their effects on plant biomass.

Results

Specialist feeding type nematodes were confined to plant species in either foredunes or landward dunes. Generalist feeding type nematodes were found in highest numbers in the landward dunes. Most tested nematode species decreased root, but not shoot or rhizome biomass.

Conclusions

Host plant suitability determined occurrence of some plant-feeding nematodes in dunes, but abiotic and biotic soil conditions may play a role as well. Generalist feeding type nematodes were able to reproduce on all plant species. Feeding specialists, which are more protected by plant roots, might prefer host plants in the foredunes for the same reason as their host plants: to escape from natural enemies.

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Abbreviations

Pf/Pi:

(ratio of final to initial population size)

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Acknowledgments

We thank Sven-Erik Burger and André Kamp for assistance with the greenhouse experiments. The former Water and Civil Board ‘De Brielse Dijkring’ kindly permitted to sample their terrains. This is NIOO-KNAW publication 5821.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    E. P. Brinkman, H. Duyts, C. D. van der Stoel & W. H. van der Putten

  2. Plant Protection Service, Nematology Section, P.O. Box 9102, 6700 HC, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    G. Karssen

  3. CBS Statistics Netherlands, P.O. Box 4481, 6401 CZ, Heerlen, The Netherlands

    C. D. van der Stoel

  4. Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 8123, 6700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    W. H. van der Putten

Authors
  1. E. P. Brinkman
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  2. H. Duyts
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  3. G. Karssen
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  4. C. D. van der Stoel
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  5. W. H. van der Putten
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Correspondence to E. P. Brinkman.

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Responsible Editor: Hans Lambers.

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Brinkman, E.P., Duyts, H., Karssen, G. et al. Plant-feeding nematodes in coastal sand dunes: occurrence, host specificity and effects on plant growth. Plant Soil 397, 17–30 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2447-z

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