Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Converting paddy fields to Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) stands affected soil nutrient concentrations, labile organic carbon pools, and organic carbon chemical compositions

  • Regular Article
  • Published:
Plant and Soil Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background and aims

Land-use change often markedly alters soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pool sizes with implications for climate change and soil sustainability. The objective of this research was to study the effect of converting paddy fields to Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) stands on soil C and N and other nutrient pools as well as the chemical structure of soil organic C (SOC) in the soil profile.

Methods

Soils (Anthrosols) from four adjacent paddy field–bamboo forest pairs with a known land-use history were sampled from Lin’an County, Zhejiang Province. Soil water soluble organic C (WSOC), hot water soluble organic C (HWSOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), readily oxidizable C (ROC), water soluble organic N (WSON), and other soil chemical and physical properties were determined. Soil organic C functional group compositions were determined by 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

Results

Concentrations of soil available P, available K, and different N forms increased (P < 0.05) by the land-use conversion. Higher concentrations of SOC and total N (TN) were observed in the subsoil (20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers) but not in the topsoil (0–20 cm layer) in the bamboo stands than in the paddy fields. The storage of SOC and TN in the entire soil profile (0–60 cm) increased by 56.7 and 70.7 %, respectively, after the land-use change. The increases in the SOC stock of the three soil layers were 11.0, 14.3, and 9.5 Mg C ha−1, respectively. The conversion decreased WSOC concentrations in the subsoil but increased the ROC concentration in the topsoil. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy of soil samples showed that the conversion increased (P < 0.05) the O-alkyl C content while decreased the aromatic C content, alkyl C to O-alkyl C ratio (A/O-A), and aromaticity of SOC.

Conclusions

Conversion of paddy fields to bamboo stands increased soil nutrient availability, and SOC and TN stocks. Effects of land-use change on C pools and C chemistry of SOC varied among different soil layers in the profile. The impact of the land-use conversion on soil organic C pools was not restricted to the topsoil, but changes in the subsoil were equally large and should be accounted for.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Baldock JA, Oades JM, Nelson PN, Skene TM, Golchin A, Clarke P (1997) Assessing the extent of decomposition of natural organic materials using solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy. Aust J Soil Res 35:1061–1083

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Batjes NH (1996) Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world. Eur J Soil Sci 47:151–163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cao ZH, Huang JF, Zhang CS, Li AF (2004) Soil quality evolution after land use change from paddy soil to vegetable land. Environ Geochem Health 26:97–103

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen CR, Xu ZH (2008) Analysis and behavior of soluble organic nitrogen in forest soils. J Soils Sediments 8:363–378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen CR, Xu ZH, Mathers NJ (2004) Soil carbon pools in adjacent natural and plantation forests of subtropical Australia. Soil Sci Soc Am J 68:282–291

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dai KOH, Johnson CE, Driscoll CT (2001) Organic matter chemistry and dynamic in clear-cut and unmanaged hardwood forest ecosystems. Biogeochemistry 54:51–83

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Don A, Schumacher J, Freibauer A (2011) Impact of tropical land-use change on soil organic carbon stocks—a meta-analysis. Glob Change Biol 17:1658–1670

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fang HJ, Yu GR, Cheng SL (2009) 13C abundance, water-soluble and microbial biomass carbon as potential indicators of soil organic carbon dynamics in subtropical forests at different successional stages and subject to different nitrogen loads. Plant Soil 320:243–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fontaine S, Barot S, Barre P, Bdioui N, Mary B, Rumpel C (2007) Stability of organic carbon in deep soil layers controlled by fresh carbon supply. Nature 450:277–281

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graeme JB, Rod DBL, Leanne L (1995) Soil carbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation, and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems. Aust J Agric Res 46:1459–1466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guo LB, Gifford RM (2002) Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta analysis. Glob Change Biol 8:345–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He YX, Zhou HF, Sun G (1996) Economic benefit analysis of the Phyllostachys praecox. J Bamboo Res 15:15–19 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang ZQ, Xu ZH, Chen CR, Boyd S (2008) Changes in soil carbon during the establishment of a hardwood plantation in subtropical Australia. For Ecol Manage 254:46–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IPCC (2007) IPCC special report on land use, land-use change and forestry. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang PK, Xu QF (2004) Changes in nitrate content of bamboo shoots responsive to nitrogen fertilizer rate. J Zhejiang For Coll 21:10–14 (in Chinese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang PK, Xu QF, Xu ZH, Cao ZH (2006a) Seasonal changes in soil labile organic carbon pool within a Phyllostachy praecox stand under high rate fertilization and winter mulch in subtropical China. For Ecol Manage 236:30–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang PK, Xu QF, Xu JM, Wu LJ (2006b) The soil nutrient quality score changes in the process of Phyllostachys praecox cultivation. J Zhejiang For Coll 23:242–247 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Katterer T, Reichstein M, Andren O, Lomander A (1998) Temperature dependence of organic matter decomposition: a critical review using literature data analyzed with different models. Biol Fertil Soils 27:258–262

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kravchenko AN, Robertson GP (2011) Whole-profile soil carbon stocks: the danger of assuming too much from analyses of too little. Soil Sci Soc Am J 75:235–240

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laganiere J, Angers DA, Pare D (2010) Carbon accumulation in agricultural soils after afforestation: a meta-analysis. Glob Change Biol 16:439–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li YF, Jiang PK, Chang SX, Wu JS, Lin L (2010) Organic mulch and fertilization affect soil carbon pools and forms under intensively managed bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) forests in southeast China. J Soils Sediments 10:739–747

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liao CZ, Luo YQ, Fang CM, Chen JK, Li B (2012) The effects of plantation practice on soil properties based on the comparison between natural and planted forests: a meta-analysis. Glob Ecol Biogeog 21:318–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu RK (2000) Analytical Methods for Soil Agrochemistry. Chinese Agricultural Science and Technology Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese)

  • Mathers NJ, Xu ZH (2003) Solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy, characterization of soil organic matter under two contrasting residue management regimes in a 2-year-old pine plantation of subtropical Australia. Geoderma 114:19–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathers NJ, Mao XA, Xu ZH, Saffigna PG, Berners-Price SJ, Perera MCS (2000) Recent advances in the application of 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopy to soil organic matter studies. Aust J Soil Res 38:769–787

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathers NJ, Xu ZH, Berners-Price SJ, Perera MCS, Saffigna PG (2002) Hydrofluoric acid pre-treatment for improving 13C CPMAS NMR spectral quality of forest soils in southeast Queensland, Australia. Aust J Soil Res 40:655–674

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olk DC, Dancel MC, Moscoso E, Jimenez RR, Dayrit FM (2002) Accumulation of lignin residues in organic matter fractions of lowland rice soils: a pyrolysis-GC-MS study. Soil Sci 167:590–606

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peichl M, Leava NA, Kiely G (2012) Above- and belowground ecosystem biomass, carbon and nitrogen allocation in recently afforested grassland and adjacent intensively managed grassland. Plant Soil 350:281–296

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasse DP, Rumpel C, Dignac MF (2005) Is soil carbon mostly root carbon? Mechanisms for a specific stabilization. Plant Soil 269:341–356

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ross DJ, Tate KR, Scott NA, Feltham CW (1999) Land-use change: effects on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus pools and fluxes in three adjacent ecosystems. Soil Biol Biochem 31:803–813

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rumpel C, Chabbi A (2010) Response of bulk chemical composition, lignin and carbohydrate signature to grassland conversion in a ley-arable cropping system. Nutr Cycl Agroecosys 88:173–182

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rumpel C, Kögel-Knabner I (2011) Deep soil organic matter-a key but poorly understood component of terrestrial C cycle. Plant Soil 338:143–158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schnitzer M (2001) The in situ analysis of organic matter in soils. Can J Soil Sci 81:249–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seiichi N, Sefichiro Y, Takuji S, Shirato Y, Akiyama H, Sudo S, Yagi K (2008) Effect of land use change from paddy rice cultivation to upland crop cultivation on soil carbon budget of a cropland in Japan. Agric Ecosyst Environ 125:9–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shi WM, Yao J, Yan F (2009) Vegetable cultivation under greenhouse conditions leads to rapid accumulation of nutrients, acidification and salinity of soils and groundwater contamination in South-Eastern China. Nutr Cycl Agroecosys 83:73–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shrestha BM, Certini G, Forte C, Singh BR (2008) Soil organic matter quality under different land uses in a mountain watershed of Nepal. Soil Sci Soc Am J 72:1563–1569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sparling G, Vojvodic-Vukovic M, Schipper LA (1998) Hot-water-soluble C as a simple measure of labile soil organic matter: the relationship with microbial biomass C. Soil Biol Biochem 30:1469–1472

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • State Soil Survey Service of China (1998) Soils of China. Agricultural Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

  • Sun B, Dong ZX, Zhang XX, Li Y, Hui C, Cui ZL (2011) Rice to vegetables: short-versus long-term impact of land-use change on the indigenous soil microbial community. Microb Ecol 62:474–485

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vance ED, Brookes PC, Jenkinson DC (1987) An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C. Soil Biol Biochem 19:703–707

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) (2006) A framework for international classification, correlation and communication. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu J, Joergensen RG, Pommerening B, Chaussod R, Brookes PC (1990) Measurement of soil microbial biomass C by fumigation extraction-an automated procedure. Soil Biol Biochem 22:1167–1169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu JS, Jiang PK, Sheng WX, Xie BL (2009) Effect of bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox f. prevernalis) intensive cultivation on water quality in water systems. Sci Silvae Sinicae 45:76–81 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu JS, Jiang PK, Chang SX, Xu QF, Lin Y (2010) Dissolved soil organic carbon and nitrogen were affected by conversion of native forests to plantations in subtropical China. Can J Soil Sci 90:27–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang F, Xu QF (2003) Changes in nutrients and heavy metal contents in soils under Phyllostachys praecox stands with different cultivation histories. J Zhejiang For Coll 20:111–114 (in Chinese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang ZW, Tang JM, Xiong YP, Zen JS, Zhang ZW, Tang JM, Xiong YP, Zen JS (2001) Studies on the bamboo rhizome growth after introduction of Phyllostachys praecon f. preveynalis. J Huazhong Agric Univ 20:77–80 (in Chinese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou GM, Jin AW, He JC, Wang AG (1999) The influence of cultivation techniques used in covered protected plots on the high-yield property of Lei bamboo plantation for edible shoots. J South Central For Univ 19:52–54 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou P, Pan GX, Spaccini R, Piccolo A (2010) Molecular changes in particulate organic matter (POM) in a typical Chinese paddy soil under different long-term fertilizer treatments. Eur J Soil Sci 61:231–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank the two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their constructive comments that greatly improved the quality of an earlier version of this manuscript. This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31170576), the Key Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province (no. 2011C12019), the Youth Creative Group of Zhejiang A & F University (2009RC04), and the Scientific Research Development of Zhejiang A & F University (2007FR040).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an, 311300, China

    Tao Zhang, Yongfu Li, Peikun Jiang, Guomo Zhou, Juan Liu & Lin Lin

  2. The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an, 311300, China

    Tao Zhang, Yongfu Li, Peikun Jiang & Guomo Zhou

  3. Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada

    Scott X. Chang

Authors
  1. Tao Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yongfu Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Scott X. Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Peikun Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Guomo Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Juan Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Lin Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yongfu Li.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Johan Six.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhang, T., Li, Y., Chang, S.X. et al. Converting paddy fields to Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) stands affected soil nutrient concentrations, labile organic carbon pools, and organic carbon chemical compositions. Plant Soil 367, 249–261 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1551-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1551-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation