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KISS1 receptor is preferentially expressed in clinically non-functioning pituitary tumors

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Abstract

Objective

KISS1 is a metastasis suppressor gene involved in cancer biology. Given the high expression levels of KISS1 and KISS1R in the hypothalamus and the pituitary respectively, we hypothesized that this system could possibly affect tumor invasiveness and clinical behavior of pituitary tumors.

Methods

Expression levels of KISS1 and KISS1R mRNA were evaluated by RT-PCR. Clinical information pertaining tumor characteristics was extracted from patients’ charts.

Results

Tumors from 39 patients (21 females, mean age 47.5 years) were examined. KISS1R was expressed in 26 (67 %) of samples (94 % of NFPA, 42 % of GH-, 67 % of ACTH-, and 25 % of PRL-secreting adenomas) and was found more often in female patients (81 vs. 50 % males, p < 0.05); and in NFPA (94 vs. 45.5 % in secreting tumors; p = 0.003). Patients expressing KISS1R were older at presentation (50.5 ± 1.4 vs. 38.1 ± 1.3 years; p = 0.008). In the multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with KISS1R expression included female gender (OR 13.8, 95 % CI 1.22–155.9; p = 0.03) and having a NFPA (OR 24.7, 95 % CI 1.50–406.4; p = 0.02). Tumor size, invasiveness and age at presentation were not independently associated with KISS1R expression. Pituitary tumors and normal pituitary were negative for KISS1 mRNA expression.

Conclusions

The majority of human NFPA expressed KISS1R with lower rates of expression in other types of pituitary tumors. KISS1R expression did not impart a clinical beneficial tumor phenotype, as it was not associated with tumor size or invasiveness. Additional studies are required to elucidate the role of KISS1 receptor in pituitary gland physiology and pathology.

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Fig. 1

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Abbreviations

NFPA:

Non functional pituitary adenoma

KISS1R:

KISS1 receptor

GH:

Growth hormone

ACTH:

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

PRL:

Prolactin

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no disclosures to declare and they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical standard

We declare that the experiments comply with the current laws of our country.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6 Weizmann Street, 64239, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Marianna Yaron, Suzan Gilad, Naftali Stern & Yona Greenman

  2. Neuroendocrinology Group, Max-Plank-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany

    Ulrich Renner & Günter K. Stalla

Authors
  1. Marianna Yaron
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  2. Ulrich Renner
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  3. Suzan Gilad
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Correspondence to Yona Greenman.

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Yaron, M., Renner, U., Gilad, S. et al. KISS1 receptor is preferentially expressed in clinically non-functioning pituitary tumors. Pituitary 18, 306–311 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-014-0572-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-014-0572-y

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