Abstract
The effects of potassium (K) deficiency on chlorophyll (Chl) content, photosynthetic gas exchange, and photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry during the seedling stage were investigated in two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars, low-K sensitive Tiefeng31 and low-K tolerant Shennong6. The cultivars were grown hydroponically in K-sufficient (KS) and K-deficient (KD) solutions. Photosynthetic gas exchange and Chl content in Tiefeng31 were severely affected by the low K condition, but were almost unaffected in Shennong6. This difference is in accordance with the PSII photochemistry in the plants, indicating that the photosynthetic apparatus of Shennong6 is more tolerant to low-K stress than that of Tiefeng31.
Abbreviations
- Area:
-
the space above the fluorescence curve between F0 and Fm
- Chl:
-
chlorophyll
- C i :
-
intercellular CO2 concentration
- E :
-
transpiration rate
- Fm :
-
maximal Chl fluorescence yield of dark-adapted state
- F0 :
-
minimal fluorescence yield of dark-adapted state
- Fv :
-
variable Chl fluorescence
- Fv/Fm :
-
maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII
- g s :
-
stomatal conductance to water vapour
- K:
-
potassium
- KD:
-
K-deficient
- KS:
-
K-sufficient
- P N :
-
net photosynthetic rate
- QA :
-
primary quinone acceptor of PSII
- RC:
-
reaction centre
- Vj :
-
relative variable fluorescence intensity at the J-step
References
Aro, E.M., Virgin, I., Andersson, B.: Photoinhibition of photosystem II. Inactivation, protein damage and turnover. — Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1143: 113–134, 1993.
Bednarz, C.W., Oosterhuis D.M., Evans R.D.: Leaf photosynthesis and carbon isotope discrimination of cotton in response to potassium deficiency. — Environ. Exp. Bot. 39: 13–139, 1998.
Bednarz, C.W., Oosterhuis, D.M.: Development of a protocol to study the effects of potassium deficiency in cotton under controlled environmental conditions. — J. Plant Nutr. 21: 329–339, 1998.
Björkman, O., Demmig, B.: Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77 K among vascular plants of diverse origins. — Planta 170: 489–504, 1987.
Dudeja, S.S. and Chaudhary, P.: Fast chlorophyll fluorescence transient and nitrogen fixing ability of chickpea nodulation variants. — Photosynthetica 43: 253–259, 2005.
Hoagland, D.R., Arnon, D.I.: The water-culture method for growing plants without soil. — Agr. Exp. Stat. Circ. 347: 1938.
Joliot, P., Joliot, A.: Cyclic electron transport in plant leaf. — Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 10209–10214, 2002.
Kitajima, M., Butler, W.L.: Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence and primary photochemistry in chloroplasts by dibromothymoquinone. — Biochim. Biophys. Acta 376: 105–115, 1975.
Lichtenthaler, H.K.: Chlorophyll and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. — Method Enzymol. 148: 350–382, 1987.
Liu, G.D., Liu, G.L.: [A new strategy alleviation shortage of potassium resource in China.] — Sci. Agr. Sin. 28: 25–32, 1995. [In Chin.]
Mäser, P., Gierth, M., Schroeder, J.I.: Molecular mechanisms of potassium and sodium uptake in plants. — Plant Soil 247: 43–54, 2002.
Meille, L.J., Pellerin, S.: Leaf area establishment of a maize (Zea Mays L.) field crop under potassium deficiency. — Plant Soil 265: 75–92, 2004.
Roháček, K.: Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: the definitions, photosynthetic meaning, and mutual relationships. — Photosynthetica 40: 13–29, 2002.
Römheld, V., Kirkby E.A.: Research on potassium in agriculture: need sand prospects. — Plant Soil 335: 155–180, 2010.
Sale, P.W.G., Campbell, L.C.: Difference responses to K deficiency among soybean cultivars. — Plant Soil 104: 183–190, 1987.
Styring, S., Virgin, I., Ehrenerg, A., Andersson, B.: Strong light photoinhibition of electron transport in Photosystem II. Impairment of the function of the first quinone acceptor, QA. — Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1015: 269–278, 1990.
Tang, J. C., Cao, M. J., Liu, X.: [Resistance mechanism and screening of soybean genotype resistance to low potassium.] — Soybean Sci. 22: 18–21, 2003. [In Chin.]
Tiwari, K.N., Nigam, V., Pathak A.N.: Studies on the potassium requirements of different crops. — Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 8: 91–96, 1985.
Wang, W., Cao, M. J., Zhou, C. X., Li, Z., Zhang, H.: [Screening of tolerance low potassium soybean varieties.] — Soybean Bull. 4: 7–8, 2005. [In Chin.]
Wellburn, A.R.: The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. — J. Plant Physiol. 144: 307–313, 1994.
Zhao, D.L., Oosterhuis, B., Bednarz C.W.: Influence of potassium deficiency on photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, and chloroplast ultrastructure of cotton plants. — Photosynthetica 39: 103–109, 2001.
Acknowledgement
This work is supported by a grant from Shenyang Agricultural University for young teachers (2006109) and the Creative Team Project (CTP) from the education department of Liaoning province.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, X.T., Cao, P., Wang, X.G. et al. Comparison of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of low-potassium-tolerant and -sensitive soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars under low-potassium condition. Photosynthetica 49, 633–636 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-011-0073-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-011-0073-4