Abstract
This paper discusses the synchronization problem for a class of reaction–diffusion neural networks with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Unlike other studies, a sampled-data controller with stochastic sampling is designed in order to synchronize the concerned neural networks with reaction–diffusion terms and time-varying delays, where \(m\) sampling periods are considered whose occurrence probabilities are given constants and satisfy the Bernoulli distribution. A novel discontinuous Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional with triple integral terms is introduced based on the extended Wirtinger’s inequality. Using Jensen’s inequality and reciprocally convex technique in deriving the upper bound for the derivative of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, some new synchronization criteria are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Numerical examples are provided in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Young, S., Scott, P., Nasrabadi, N.: Object recognition using multilayer Hopfield neural network. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 6, 357–372 (1997)
Atencia, M., Joya, G., Sandoval, F.: Dynamical analysis of continuous higher order Hopfield neural networks for combinatorial optimization. Neural Comput. 17, 1802–1819 (2005)
Hopfield, J.: Neurons with graded response have collective computational properties like those of two-state neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 3088–3092 (1984)
Diressche, P., Zou, X.: Global attractivity in delayed Hopfield neural network models. SIAM J. Appl. Math. 58, 1878–1890 (1998)
Grassi, G., Mascolo, S.: Synchronizing high dimensional chaotic systems via eigenvalue placement in application to cellular neural networks. Int. J. Bifur. Chaos 9, 705–711 (1999)
Ortin, S., Gutierrez, J.M., Pesquera, L., Vasquez, H.: Nonlinear dynamic extraction for time-delay systems using modular neural networks synchronization and prediction. Phys. A 351, 133–141 (2005)
Sanchez, E.N., Ricalde, L.J.: Chaos control and synchronization with input saturation via recurrent neural networks. Neural Netw. 16, 711–717 (2003)
Zhu, Q., Cao, J.: pth moment exponential synchronization for stochastic delayed Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with Markovian switching. Nonlinear Dyn. 67, 829–845 (2012)
Zhu, Q., Cao, J.: Adaptive synchronization under almost every initial data for stochastic neural networks with time-varying delays and distributed delays. Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simulat. 16, 2139–2159 (2011)
Cheng, C., Liao, T., Hwang, C.: Exponential synchronization of a class of chaotic neural networks. Chaos Solitons Fract. 24, 197–206 (2005)
Marcus, C.M., Westervelt, R.M.: Stability of analog neural networks with delay. Phys. Rev. A 39, 347–359 (1989)
Civalleri, P., Gilli, M., Pandolfi, L.: On stability of cellular neural networks with delay. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I 40(40), 157–165 (1993)
Cheng, C.J., Liao, T.L., Yang, J.J., Hwang, C.C.: Exponential synchronization of a class of neural networks with time-varying delays. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part-B 36, 209–215 (2006)
Cui, B.T., Lou, X.Y.: Synchronization of chaotic recurrent neural networks with time-varying delays using nonlinear feedback control. Choas Solitons Fract. 39, 288–294 (2009)
Gao, X., Zhong, S., Gao, F.: Exponential synchronization of neural networks with time-varying delays. Nonlinear Anal. 71, 2003–2011 (2009)
Wang, L., Ding, W., Chen, D.: Synchronization schemes of a class of fuzzy cellular neural networks based on adaptive control. Phys. Lett. A. 74, 1440–1449 (2010)
Lu, J.: Robust global exponential stability for interval reaction–diffusion Hopfield neural networks with distributed delays. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Expr. Briefs 54, 1115–1119 (2007)
Lu, J., Lu, L.: Global exponential stability and periodicity of reaction–diffusion recurrent neural networks with distributed delays and Dirichlet boundary conditions. Chaos Solitons Fract. 39, 1538–1549 (2009)
Li, X., Cao, J.: Delay-independent exponential stability of stochastic Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with time-varying delays and reaction–diffusion terms. Nonlinear Dyn. 50, 363–371 (2007)
Lu, J.: Global exponential stability and periodicity of reaction–diffusion delayed recurrent neural networks with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Chaos Solitons Fract. 35, 116–125 (2008)
Wang, J., Lu, J.: Global exponential stability of fuzzy cellular neural networks with delays and reaction–diffusion terms. Chaos Solitons Fract. 38, 878–885 (2008)
Hu, C., Jiang, H., Teng, Z.: Impulsive control and synchronization for delayed neural networks with reaction–diffusion terms. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. 21, 67–81 (2010)
Kashima, K., Ogawa, T., Sakurai, T.: Feedback stabilization of non-uniform spatial pattern in reaction-diffusion systems. American Control Conference (ACC), Washington, DC, USA, June 17–19 (2013)
Zhao, A., Xie, C.: Stabilization of coupled linear plant and reaction–diffusion process. J. Franklin Inst. 351, 857–877 (2014)
Wang, K., Teng, Z., Jiang, H.: Adaptive synchronization in an array of linearly coupled neural networks with reaction–diffusion terms and time-delays. Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. 17, 3866–3875 (2012)
Yang, X., Cao, J., Yang, Z.: Synchronization of coupled reaction–diffusion neural networks with time-varying delays via pinning-impulsive controller. SIAM J. Control Optim. 51, 3486–3510 (2013)
Wu, Z.-G., Park, J.H., Su, H., Chu, J.: Discontinuous Lyapunov functional approach to synchronization of time-delay neural networks using sampled-data. Nonlinear Dyn. 69, 2021–2030 (2012)
Lam, H.: Stabilization of nonlinear systems using sampled-data output-feedback fuzzy controller based on polynomial-fuzzy-model-based control approach. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B Cybern. 42, 258–267 (2012)
Zhu, X., Wang, Y.: Stabilization for sampled-data neural-network-based control systems. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B Cybern. 41, 210–221 (2011)
Gan, Q., Liang, Y.: Synchronization of chaotic neural networks with time-delay in the leakage term and parametric uncertainties based on sampled-data control. J. Franklin Inst. 349, 1955–1971 (2012)
Jeeva Sathya Theesar, S., Santo, B., Balasubramaniam, P.: Synchronization of chaotic systems under sampled-data control. Nonlinear Dyn. 70, 1977–1987 (2012)
Krishnasamy, R., Balasubramaniam, P.: Stabilisation analysis for switched neutral systems based on sampled-data control. Int. J. Syst. Sci. doi:10.1080/00207721.2013.871368
Wu, Z., Shi, P., Su, H., Chu, J.: Stochastic synchronization of Markovian jump neural networks with time-varying delay using sampled-data. IEEE Trans. Cybern. 43, 1796–1806 (2013)
Lakshmanan, S., Park, J.H., Rakkiyappan, R., Jung, Y.: State estimator for neural networks with sampled data using discontinuous Lyapunov functional approach. Nonlinear Dyn. 73, 509–520 (2013)
Tahara, S., Fujii, T., Yokoyama, T.: Variable sampling quasi multirate deadbeat control method for single phase PWM inverter in low carrier frequency, pp. 804–809. In PCC. Power Conversion Conference (2007)
Hu, B., Michel, A.N.: Stability analysis of digital feedback control systems with time-varying sampling periods. Automatica 36, 897–905 (2000)
Sala, A.: Computer control under time-varying sampling period: an LMI gridding approach. Automatica 41, 2077–2082 (2005)
Gao, H., Wu, J., Shi, P.: Robust sampled-data \(H_{\infty }\) control with stochastic sampling. Automatica 45, 1729–1736 (2009)
Lee, T., Park, J., Lee, S., Kwon, O.: Robust synchronization of chaotic systems with randomly occurring uncertainties via stochastic sampled-data control. Int. J. Control 86, 107–119 (2013)
Kwon, O., Lee, S., Park, J., Cha, E.: New approaches on stability criteria for neural networks with interval time-varying delays. Appl. Math. Comput. 218, 9953–9964 (2012)
Tian, J., Zhong, S.: Improved delay-dependent stability criterion for neural networks with time-varying delay. Appl. Math. Comput. 217, 10278–10288 (2011)
Park, P., Ko, J., Jeong, C.: Reciprocally convex approach to stability of systems with time-varying delays. Automatica 7, 235–238 (2011)
Wang, Y., Cao, J.: Synchronization of a class of delayed neural networks with reaction–diffusion terms. Phys. Lett. A 369, 201–211 (2007)
Lou, X., Cui, B.: Asymptotic synchronization of a class of neural networks with reaction–diffusion terms and time-varying delays. Comput. Math. Appl. 52, 897–904 (2006)
Balasubramaniam, P., Chandran, R., Jeeva Sathya Theesar, S.: Synchronization of chaotic nonlinear continuous neural networks with time-varying delay. Cogn. Neurodyn. 5, 361–371 (2011)
Balasubramaniam, P., Vembarasan, V.: Synchronization of recurrent neural networks with mixed time-delays via output coupling with delayed feedback. Nonlinear Dyn. 70, 677–691 (2012)
Kalpana, M., Balasubramaniam, P.: Stochastic asymptotical synchronization of chaotic Markovian jumping fuzzy cellular neural networks with mixed delays and the Wiener process based on sampled-data control. Chin. Phys. B 22, 078401 (2013)
Acknowledgments
The work of the first author was supported by NBHM Research Project; Quanxin Zhu’s work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61374080), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY12F03010), the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo (2012A610032), and a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rakkiyappan, R., Dharani, S. & Zhu, Q. Synchronization of reaction–diffusion neural networks with time-varying delays via stochastic sampled-data controller. Nonlinear Dyn 79, 485–500 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-014-1681-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-014-1681-x