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A new approach for developing comprehensive agricultural drought index using satellite-derived biophysical parameters and factor analysis method

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Abstract

The accurate assessment of drought and its monitoring is highly depending on the selection of appropriate indices. Despite the availability of countless drought indices, due to variability in environmental properties, a single universally drought index has not been presented yet. In this study, a new approach for developing comprehensive agricultural drought index from satellite-derived biophysical parameters is presented. Therefore, the potential of satellite-derived biophysical parameters for improved understanding of the water status of pistachio (Pistachio vera L.) crop grown in a semiarid area is evaluated. Exploratory factor analysis with principal component extraction method is performed to select the most influential parameters from seven biophysical parameters including surface temperature (T s), surface albedo (α), leaf area index (LAI), soil heat flux (G o), soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and net radiation (R n). T s and G o were found as the most effective parameters by this method. However, T s, LAI, α, and SAVI that accounts for 99.6 % of the total variance of seven inputs were selected to model a new biophysical water stress index (BPWSI). The values of BPWSI were stretched independently and compared with the range of actual evapotranspiration estimated through well-known METRIC (mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internal calibration) energy balance model. The results showed that BPWSI can be efficiently used for the prediction of the pistachio water status (RMSE of 0.52, 0.31, and 0.48 mm/day on three image dates of April 28, July 17, and August 2, 2010). The study confirmed that crop water status is accounted by several satellite-based biophysical parameters rather than single parameter.

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Acknowledgments

The authors greatly appreciate for technical guidance and providing the program for calculating atmospheric stability correction by Prof. Dr. Christopher Conrad (Universität Würzburg). Also, we acknowledge the World Bank and the Robert S. McNamara Fellowship Program for providing the financial support and agricultural organization of Yazd city for technical support during the field measurements. In addition, the authors would like to thank the University of Idaho and the National Aeronautics and Space Administratio n (NASA) team for providing REF-ET software and free Landsat TM data, respectively.

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  1. Department of Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geo-information and Real Estate, University Technology of Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Mohammad Hossein Mokhtari & Ibrahim Busu

  2. Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

    Mohammad Hossein Mokhtari

  3. Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University Technology of Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Robiah Adnan

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Mokhtari, M.H., Adnan, R. & Busu, I. A new approach for developing comprehensive agricultural drought index using satellite-derived biophysical parameters and factor analysis method. Nat Hazards 65, 1249–1274 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0408-x

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