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Vatairea macrocarpa Lectin (VML) Induces Depressive-like Behavior and Expression of Neuroinflammatory Markers in Mice

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Abstract

Lectins are proteins capable of reversible binding to the carbohydrates in glycoconjugates that can regulate many physiological and pathological events. Galectin-1, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, is expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and exhibits neuroprotective functions. Additionally, lectins isolated from plants have demonstrated beneficial action in the CNS. One example is a lectin with mannose-glucose affinity purified from Canavalia brasiliensis seeds, ConBr, which displays neuroprotective and antidepressant activity. On the other hand, the effects of the galactose-binding lectin isolated from Vatairea macrocarpa seeds (VML) on the CNS are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to verify if VML is able to alter neural function by evaluating signaling enzymes, glial and inflammatory proteins in adult mice hippocampus, as well as behavioral parameters. VML administered by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) route increased the immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST) 60 min after its injection through a carbohydrate recognition domain-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, under the same conditions, VML caused an enhancement of COX-2, GFAP and S100B levels in mouse hippocampus. However, phosphorylation of Akt, GSK-3β and mitogen-activated protein kinases named ERK1/2, JNK1/2/3 and p38MAPK, was not changed by VML. The results reported here suggest that VML may trigger neuroinflammatory response in mouse hippocampus and exhibit a depressive-like activity. Taken together, our findings indicate a dual role for galactose binding lectins in the modulation of CNS function.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

BDNF:

Brain derived neurotrophic factor

CNS:

Central nervous system

ConA:

Concanavalin A

COX:

Cyclooxygenase

CRD:

Carbohydrate recognition domain

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

ERK:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases

FST:

Forced swimming test

Gal-1:

Galectin-1

GFAP:

Glial fibrillary acid protein

GSK:

Glycogen synthase kinase

JNK:

c-jun amino-terminal kinase

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Brazil (#305194/2010-0); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)/PROCAD and CAPES/DGU 173/2008; National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) for Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection; Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa de Santa Catarina (FAPESC); FAPESC/PRONEX—Núcleo de Excelência em Neurociências Aplicadas de Santa Catarina (NENASC); IBN.Net/CNPq. A.S.L.R., C.A.S.G., E. H.T., K.S.N., B.S.C. and R.B.L. are recipientes of research scholarships from CNPq. The funding agencies had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Filipe Marques Gonçalves, Andiara Espíndola Freitas, Tanara Vieira Peres, Débora Kurrle Rieger, Juliana Ben, Mariana Maestri, Ana Paula Costa, Ana Lúcia Severo Rodrigues & Rodrigo Bainy Leal

  2. Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Ana Carolina Tramontina & Carlos Alberto Gonçalves

  3. BioMol Group/FAMED/DPML/LIBS, Integrate Biomolecules Laboratory, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

    Edson Holanda Teixeira

  4. BioMol Group/DBBM/BioMol-Lab, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

    Celso Shiniti Nagano, Kyria S. Nascimento & Benildo Sousa Cavada

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  1. Filipe Marques Gonçalves
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Gonçalves, F.M., Freitas, A.E., Peres, T.V. et al. Vatairea macrocarpa Lectin (VML) Induces Depressive-like Behavior and Expression of Neuroinflammatory Markers in Mice. Neurochem Res 38, 2375–2384 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-013-1150-9

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