Administration of exogenous phosphatidylserine to 24-month-old Wistar rats normalized endogenous phosphatidylserine levels in the hippocampus of these aged rats, increasing levels to those seen in young animals. At the same time, feeding of aged rats with phosphatidylserine had no effect on the content or level of synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine, but promoted increases in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine without affecting the content of this lipid in the hippocampus of rats aged 24 months. The increases in phosphatidylserine levels seen in the hippocampus in experimental animals due to exogenous lipid was accompanied by increases in the number of active avoidances and decreases in the latent period of avoidances on acquisition of a conditioned reflex in a shuttle box.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
N. A. Babenko and Ya. A. Semenova, “Effects of diets enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil on phospholipid metabolism and cognitive functions in aged rats,” Ros. Fiziol. Zh. im. I. M. Sechenova, 94, No. 12, 1400–1406 (2008).
Ya. Buresh, O. Bureshova, and P. Houston, Methods and Basic Experiments in Studies of the Brain and Behavior [in Russian], Visshaya Shkola, Moscow (1991).
M. Kates, Techniques in Lipidology [Russian translation], Mir, Moscow (1975).
L. Khassunekh,Ya. O. Semenova, O. A. Krasil’nikova, and N. O. Babenko, “Age related features of signal lipid in the liver and brain in rats,” Fiziol. Zh., 52, No. 6, 79–84 (2006).
S. Aid and F. Bosetti, “Gene expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 is altered in rat hippocampus during normal aging,” Brain Res. Bull., 73, No. 1–3, 108–113 (2007).
M. L. Bader-Lange, G. Cenini, and M. Piroddi, “Loss of phospholipid asymmetry and elevated brain apoptotic protein levels in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease,” Neurobiol. Dis., 29, No. 3, 456–464 (2008).
A. Bruni, F. Bellini, L. Mietto, G. Monastra, G. Viola, and G. Toffano, “Target cells for serine phospholipids,” in: Neurochemical Aspects of Phosholipid Metabolism, L. Freysz, J. N. Hawthorne, and G. Toffano (eds.), Liviana Press/Springer Verlag, Padova (1989), pp. 211–217.
A. Bruni, F. Bellini, F. Mietto, E. Boarato, and G. Viola, “Phospholipid adsorption and diffusion through membranes,” in: Phospholipids. Biochemical, Pharmaceutical, and Analytical Considerations, I. Hanin, and G. Pepeu (eds.), Plenum Press, New York (1990), 59–68.
A. Bruni, P. Orlando, L. Mietto, and G. Viola, “Phospholipid metabolism in rat intestinal mucosa after oral administration of lysophospholipids,” in: Neurobiology of Essential Fatty Acids, Bazan N. (ed.), Plenum Press, New York (1992), pp. 243–249.
F. Casamenti, C. Scali, and G. Pepeu, “Phosphatidylserine reverses the age-dependent decrease in cortical acetylcholine release: a microdialysis study,” Eur. J. Pharmacol., 194, No. 1, 11–16 (1991).
S. Cohen and W. Muller, “Age-related alterations of NMDA-receptor properties in the mouse forebrain: partial restoration by chronic phosphatidylserine treatment,” Brain Res., 194, 174–180 (1992).
M. Floreani, P. Debetto, and F. Carpenedo, “Phosphatidylserine vesicles increase Ca(2+) uptake by rat brain synaptosomes,” Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 285, 116–119 (1991).
J. C. Foreman and J. L. Mongar, “The interaction of calcium and strontium with phosphatidylserine in the anaphylactic secretion of histamine,” J. Physiol., 230, 493–507 (1973).
H. Y. Kim, M. Akbar, A. Lau, and E. Edsall, “Inhibition of neuronal apoptosis by docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n–3). Role of phosphatidylserine in antiapoptotic effect,” J. Biol. Chem., 275, No. 45, 35215–35223 (2000).
M. Kingsley, “Effects of phosphatidylserine supplementation on exercising humans,” Sports Med., 36, No. 8, 657–669 (2006).
Z. Kiss, J. Chattopadhyay, and G. R. Pettit, “Stimulation of phosphatidylcholine synthesis by activators of protein kinase C is dissociable from increased phospholipid hydrolysis,” Biochem. J., 273, 189–194 (1991).
N. V. Koudinova, A. R. Koudinov, and E. Yavin, “Alzheimer’s Abeta 1-40 peptide modulates lipid synthesis in neuronal cultures and intact rat fetal brain under normoxic and oxidative stress conditions,” Neurochem. Res., 25, 653–660 (2000).
M. A. McDaniel, S. F. Maier, and G. O. Einstein, “‘Brain-specific’ nutrients: a memory cure?” Nutrition, 19, 957–975 (2003).
H. R. Melowic, R. V. Shahelin, and N. R. Blatner, “Mechanism of diacylglycerol-induced membrane targeting and activation of protein kinase C(theta),” J. Biol. Chem., 282, No. 29, 21467–21476 (2007).
M. Nishijima, O. Kuge, and Y. Akamatsu, “Phosphatidylserine biosynthesis in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. Inhibition of de novo phosphatidylserine biosynthesis by exogenous phosphatidylserine and its efficient incorporation,” J. Biol. Chem., 261, 5784–5789 (1986).
Y. Nishizuka and S. Nakamura, “Lipid mediators and protein kinase C for intracellular signalling,” Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 22, No. 1, Supplement, S202–S203 (1995).
M. G. Nunzi, F. Milan, and D. Guidolin, “Dendritic spine loss in hippocampus of aged rats. Effect of brain phosphatidylserine administration,” Neurobiol. Aging, 8, No. 6, 501–510 (1987).
P. Palatini, G. Viola, and E. Bigon, “Pharmacokinetic characterization of phosphatidylserine liposomes in the rat,” Brit. J. Pharmacol., 102, 345–350 (1991).
G. Pepeu, I. M. Pepeu, and L. Amaducci, “A review of phosphatidylserine pharmacological and clinical effects. Is phosphatidylserine a drug for the ageing brain?” Pharmacol. Res., 33, 73–80 (1996).
B. E. Slack, M. Liscovitch, and J. K. Blusztajn, “Uptake of exogenous phosphatidylserine by human neuroblastoma cells stimulates the incorporation of [methyl-14C]choline into phosphatidylcholine,” J. Neurochem., 53, No. 2, 472–481 (1989).
V. Solfrizzi, A. D’Intronto, A. Colacicco, C. Capurso, A. Parigi, S. Capurso, A. Gadaleta, A. Capurso, and F. Panza, “Dietary fatty acids intake: possible role in cognitive decline and dementia,” Exp. Geront., 40, 257–270 (2005).
S. Suzuki, H. Yamatoya, M. Sakai, A. Kataoka, M. Furushiro, and S. Kudo, “Oral administration of soybean lecithin transphosphatidylated phosphatidylserine improves memory impairment in aged rats,” J. Nutr., 131, 2951–2956 (2001).
M. Taniguchi, M. Kashiwayanagi, and K. Kurihara, “Enhancement of the turtle olfactory responses to fatty acids by treatment of olfactory epithelium with phosphatidylserine,” Brain Res., 647, 10–14 (1994).
K. P. Wheeler and R. Whittam, “ATPase activity of the sodium pump needs phosphatidylserine,” Nature, 225, No. 5231, 449–450 (1970).
A. Zanotti, L. Valzelli, and G. Toffano, “Chronic phosphatidylserine treatment improves spatial memory and passive avoidance in aged rats,” Psychopharmacol., 99, No. 3, 316–321 (1989).
D. Zyzak, T. Otto, H. Eichenbaum, and G. Gallagher, “Cognitive decline associated with normal aging in rats: a neuropsychological approach,” Learn. Mem., 2, 1–16 (1995).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Rossiiskii Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 95, No. 11, pp. 1268–1275, November, 2009.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Babenko, N.A., Semenova, Y.A. Effects of Exogenous Phosphatidylserine on Cognitive Functions and Phospholipid Metabolism in the Hippocampus of Aged Rats. Neurosci Behav Physi 41, 97–101 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-010-9385-2
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-010-9385-2