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Combined effects of selected Penicillium mycotoxins on in vitro proliferation of porcine lymphocytes

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Abstract

The in vitro effect of combinations of the Penicillium mycotoxins citrinin (CIT), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), ochratoxin A (OTA), patulin (PAT), penicillic acid (PIA) and roquefortine C (RQC) on mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation was determined using purified lymphocytes from six piglets. Dose–response curves for each mycotoxin and mycotoxin combinations were generated. The combined effects of toxin pairs based on IC20 were illustrated in isobole diagrams and statistically calculated. OTA and CIT elicited a synergistic effect. Four toxin pairs elicited additive effects, four pairs less–than–additive effects and six pairs independent effects. Thus, the majority of toxin pairs tested produced lower combined effects than an additive effect. The results indicate that the sum effect of all toxins is less than that from the summation of concentrations of the individual compounds, adjusted for differences in potencies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033, Oslo, Norway

    Aksel Bernhoft, Modestas Keblys, Ellen Morrison & Arne Flåøyen

  2. Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., N-0033, Oslo, Norway

    Hans Jørgen S. Larsen

Authors
  1. Aksel Bernhoft
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  2. Modestas Keblys
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  3. Ellen Morrison
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  4. Hans Jørgen S. Larsen
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  5. Arne Flåøyen
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Correspondence to Aksel Bernhoft.

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Bernhoft, A., Keblys, M., Morrison, E. et al. Combined effects of selected Penicillium mycotoxins on in vitro proliferation of porcine lymphocytes. Mycopathologia 158, 441–450 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-004-2843-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-004-2843-z

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