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Secure and robust watermarking algorithm for remote sensing images based on compressive sensing

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to improve the reconstruction accuracy and security when adopting Compressive Sensing (CS) in watermarking algorithm. Unlike classical CS-based watermark generation method, lifting wavelet transformation, partial Hadamard matrix, and ternary watermark sequence have been combined together to carry sufficient watermark information to ensure reconstruction accuracy and robustness. In the procedure of watermark embedding and extraction, watermark is embedded and extracted in CS measurement of remote sensing image. Hence the whole algorithm security is guaranteed by CS measurement matrix either in watermark generation or watermark embedding and extraction. Then, the CS-based watermarking algorithm for remote sensing images is proposed and demonstrated. Compared with other CS-based approaches, the improvements on reconstruction accuracy, security and robustness of the proposed algorithm have been verified by experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Deyu Tong, Na Ren & Changqing Zhu

  2. State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing, 210023, China

    Deyu Tong, Na Ren & Changqing Zhu

  3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Deyu Tong, Na Ren & Changqing Zhu

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  1. Deyu Tong
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  2. Na Ren
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Correspondence to Na Ren.

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Tong, D., Ren, N. & Zhu, C. Secure and robust watermarking algorithm for remote sensing images based on compressive sensing. Multimed Tools Appl 78, 16053–16076 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-7014-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-7014-1

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