Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chaos-based model for encryption and decryption of digital images

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper introduces a secure chaos-based model for ciphering and deciphering of digital images. The proposed approach is composed of successive confusion and diffusion stages. The confusion stage is repeated n rounds using a different key in each round. The output of the confusion stage is subjected to diffusion stage which is repeated m rounds with a different key for each round. The nested iterations in the confusion and diffusion stages with a different key for each round enlarges the key space which enhances the proposed image cryptosystem security level. A security investigation is done on a family of 2D chaotic confusion maps to select the one with highest security level to be used with the proposed image cryptosystem. The results demonstrated that the Standard map has the highest security level among the examined 2D chaotic confusion maps because it is more complicated and it has a large key space. The proposed image cryptosystem is compared to other three recent image cryptosystems using different security analysis factors including statistical tests, key space analysis, information entropy test, maximum deviation analysis, irregular deviation analysis, and avalanche effect differential analysis. The results demonstrated that, the proposed image cryptosystem with Standard map outperforms all of the other examined image encryption techniques from security point of view.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abuturab MR (2013) Color image security system based on discrete Hartley transform in gyrator transform domain. Opt Lasers Eng 51(3):317–324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Alvarez G, Li S (2009) Cryptanalyzing a nonlinear chaotic algorithm (NCA) for image encryption. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul. doi:10.1016/j.cnsns. 2009.02.033

    Google Scholar 

  3. Amin M, Faragallah OS, Abd El-Latif AA (2009) Chaos-based hash function (CBHF) for cryptographic applications. Chaos, Solitons Fractals. doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2009.02.001

    Google Scholar 

  4. Askar SS, Karawia AA, Alshamrani A (2015) Image encryption algorithm based on chaotic economic model. Math Probl Eng. Article ID 341729, 1–10

  5. Asmita, Lade S (2014) Chaotic encryption technique for color images by coupling two chaotic maps. IJCSNS Int J Comput Sci Netw Sec 14(10)

  6. Behnia S, Akhshani A, Mahmodi H, Akhavan A (2008) A novel algorithm for image encryption based on mixture of chaotic maps. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 35:408–19

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Behnia S, Akshshani A, Mahmodi H, Akhavan A (2008) A novel algorithm for image encryption based on mixture of chaotic maps. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 35:40

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen G, Mao Y, Chui CK (2004) A symmetric image encryption scheme based on 3D chaotic cat maps. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 21:749–61

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Crutchfield JP (1998) Spatio-temporal complexity in nonlinear image processing. IEEE Trans Circ Syst 35:770–80

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Elashry IF, Faragallah OS, Abbas AM, El-Rabaie S, Abd El-Samie FE. Homomorphic image encryption. J Electron Imaging 18(3):033002

  11. Elkamchouchi H, Makar MA (2005) Measuring encryption quality of Bitmap images encrypted with Rijndael and KAMKAR block ciphers. Proceedings of Twenty second National Radio Science Conference (NRSC 2005). pp. C11, Cairo Egypt 15–17

  12. Fridrich J (1998) Symmetric ciphers based on two-dimensional chaotic maps. Int J Bifurcat Chaos 8(6):1259–84

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Gai S, Yang G, Wan M (2013) Employing quaternion wavelet transform for banknote classification. Neurocompuing 118(8):171–178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Gai S, Yang G, Zhang S (2013) Multiscale texture classification using reduced quaternion wavelet transform. Int J Electron Commun 67(3):233–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Gao T, Chen Z (2008) A new image encryption algorithm based on hyper-chaos. Phys Lett A 372:394–400

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Gao HJ, Zhang YS, Liang SY, Li D (2006) A new chaotic algorithm for image encryption. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 29:393–9

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Gong L, Liu X, Zheng F, Zhou N (2013) Flexible multiple-image encryption algorithm based on log-polar transform and double random phase encoding technique. J Mod Opt 60(13):1074–1082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Guan Z, Huang F, Guan W (2005) Chaos-based image encryption algorithm. Phys Lett A 346:153–7

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Huang CK, Nien HH, Changchien SK, Shieh HW (2007) Image encryption with chaotic random codes by grey relational grade and Taguchi method. Opt Commun 280:300–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hwang H-E (2012) Optical color image encryption based on the wavelength multiplexing using cascaded phase-only masks in Fresnel transform domain. Opt Commun 285(5):567–573

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Khan M, Shah T (2014) A literature review on image encryption techniques. 3D Res, 5, 29, 2014. doi:10.1007/s13319-014-0029-0

  22. Kwok HS, Tang KS (2007) A fast image encryption system based on chaotic maps with finite precision representation. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 32(4):1518–29

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Li C (2007) On the security of a class of image encryption schemes. IACR’s Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2007/339

  24. Lian S (2009) Efficient image or video encryption based on spatiotemporal chaos system. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 40:2509–2519

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Lian S, Sun J, Wang Z (2005) A block cipher based on a suitable use of the chaotic standard map. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 26:117–29

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Lian SG, Sun J, Wang Z (2005) A block cipher based on a suitable use of chaotic standard map. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 26(1):117–29

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Luo Y, Du M (2012) A novel digital image encryption scheme based on spatial-chaos. J Converg Inf Technol (JCIT) 7:3

  28. Mao Y, Chen G, Lian S (2003) A novel fast image encryption scheme based on 3D chaotic baker maps. Int J Bifurcation Chaos

  29. Mishra M, Singh P, Garg C (2014) A New algorithm of encryption and decryption of images using chaotic mapping. Int J Inf Comput Technol 4(7):741–746

  30. Nien HH, Huang CK et al (2007) Digital color image encoding and decoding using a novel chaotic random generator. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 32:1070–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Pareek NK, Patidar V, Sud KK (2006) Image encryption using chaotic logistic map. Image Vision Comput 24:926–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Pareek NK, Patidar V, Sud KK (2006) Image encryption using chaotic logistic map. Image Vision Comput 24:926–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Pisarchik AN, Flores-Camona NJ, Carpio-Valadez M (2006) Encryption and decryption of images with chaotic map lattices. Chaos 16:033118-1–6

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Rhouma R, Belghith S (2008) Cryptanalysis of a new image encryption algorithm based on hyper-chaos. Phys Lett A 372:5973–5978

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Rhouma R, Belghith S (2008) Cryptanalysis of a spatiotemporal chaotic image/video cryptosystem. Phys Lett A 372:5790–5794

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Sathishkumar GA, Bhoopathybagan K, Sriraam N, Venkatachalam SP, Vignesh R (2011) A novel image encryption algorithm using two chaotic maps for medical application. Adv Comput Commun Comput Inf Sci 133:290–299, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag

  37. Shannon CE (1949) Communication theory of secrecy system. Bell Syst Technol J 28:656–715

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Sun F, Liu S, Li Z, Lü Z (2008) A novel image encryption algorithm based on spatial chaos map. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 38:631–640

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  39. Wang K, Pei L, Zou A, Song ZH (2005) On the security of 3D Cat map based symmetric image encryption scheme. Phys Lett A 343(6):432–439

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  40. Wong KW, Kwok BS, Lawk WS (2007) A fast image encryption scheme based on chaotic standard map. Phys Lett A. doi:10.1016/ j.physleta.2007.12.026

    Google Scholar 

  41. Xiang T, Wong KW, Liao X (2007) Selective image encryption using a spatiotemporal chaotic system. Chaos 17:023115-1–12

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  42. Zhang LH, Liao XF, Wang XB (2005) An image encryption approach based on chaotic maps. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 24:759–65

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  43. Zhou N, Wang Y, Gong L (2011) Novel optical image encryption scheme based on fractional Mellin transform. Opt Commun 284(13):3234–3242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Zhou N, Zhang A, Zheng F, Gong L (2014) Novel Image compression-encryption hybrid algorithm based on key-controlled measurement matrix in compressive sensing. Opt Laser Technol 62:152–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Ziedan IE, Fouad MM, Salem DH (2003) Application of data encryption standard to bitmap and JPEG images. In Proc. 12th National Radio Science Conference (NRSC2003), pp. C16/1–C16

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computers and Automatic Control Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta, Egypt

    Fatma Elgendy, Amany M. Sarhan & Tarek E. Eltobely

  2. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt

    S. F. El-Zoghdy

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Shebin El-kom, 32511, Egypt

    Hala S. El-sayed

  4. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt

    Osama S. Faragallah

  5. Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Al-Hawiya, 21974, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    S. F. El-Zoghdy & Osama S. Faragallah

Authors
  1. Fatma Elgendy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Amany M. Sarhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Tarek E. Eltobely
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. F. El-Zoghdy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hala S. El-sayed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Osama S. Faragallah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Osama S. Faragallah.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Elgendy, F., Sarhan, A.M., Eltobely, T.E. et al. Chaos-based model for encryption and decryption of digital images. Multimed Tools Appl 75, 11529–11553 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-2883-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-2883-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation