Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Secure digital watermarking using optimized improved spread spectrum and BCH coding for DIBR 3D-TV system

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Constantly decreasing cost and enhanced depth perception in 3D-TV technology makes it more popular in multimedia consumer market. With the widespread of 3D content, copyright protection is becoming a serious concern for maximizing the profits and preventing illegitimate acquisition and distribution of the 3D media content. Digital watermarking is one such promising technique to tackle this problem. This work provides a robust watermarking technique for 3D-TV. The proposed technique is based upon intelligent parameter selection using Genetic Algorithm in an improved spread spectrum based watermarking system. In order to enhance robustness, another layer of security of the watermark is added using Bose–Chadhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) coding. Experimental results and comparison with state of the art technique demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique to structure the watermark for high robustness in the presence of a number of hostile attacks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alghoniemy M, Tewfik A (2004) Geometric invariance in image watermarking. IEEE Trans Image Process 13(2):145–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Barni M (2005) Effectivness of exhaustive search and template matching against watermarking desynchronization. IEEE Signal Process Lett 12(2):158–161

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Bas P, Chassey JM, Macq B (2002) Geometrically invariant watermarking using feature points. IEEE Trans Image Process 11(9):1014–1028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bose RC, Ray-Chaudhuri DK (1960) On a class of error correcting binary group codes. Inf Control 3:68–79

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Bose RC, Ray-Chaudhuri DK (1960) Further results on a class of error correcting binary group codes. Inf Control 3:279–290

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Canar G, Tekalp A, Sherma G, Heinzelman W (2006) Local image registration by adaptive filtering. IEEE Trans Image Process 15(10):3053–3065

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Chammem A, Mitrea M, Prlteux F (2011) DWT based stereoscopic image watermarking. Proc. SPIE

  8. Deng C, Gao X, Li X, Tao D (2009) A local Tchebichef moments based robust image watermarking. Signal Process 89(8):1531–1539

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Genetic Algorithm and Direct Search Toolbox User’s Guide, MathWorks, (Online) Available: http://www.mathworks.com/help/releases/ R13sp2/pdf_doc/gads/gads_tb.pdf. Accessed 23 Jul. Last accessed on 2014

  10. Dugelay JL, Roche S, Rey C, Doerr G (2006) Still-image wartermarking robust to local geometric distortions. IEEE Trans Image Process 15(9):2831–2842

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Fehn C (2004) Depth-image-based rendering (dibr), compression, and transmission for a new approach on 3d-tv. SPIE Stereoscopic Displays Virtual Real Syst XI 5291:93–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Halici E, Alantan A (2009) Watermarking for depth-image-based rendering. IEEE Int. Conf. on Image Process (ICIP). 4217–4220

  13. Hartung F, Su JK, Girod B (1999) Spread spectrum watermarking: Malicious attacks and counterattacks. Proc. SPIE, 3657

  14. Hwang DC, Bae KH, Kim ES (2004) Stereo image watermarking scheme based on discrete wavelet transform and adaptive disperity estimation. Math Data/Image Coding, Compression, Encryption VI Appl 5208(1):196–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kim HD, Lee JW, Oh TW, Lee HK (2012) Robust DT-CWT watermarking for DIBR 3D Images. IEEE Trans Broadcast 58(4):533–543

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Koz A, Cigla C, Alatan A (2010) Watermarking of free-view video. IEEE Trans Image Process 19(7):1785–1797

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Lin YH, Wu JL (2011) A digital blind watermarking for depth-image-based rendering 3d images. IEEE Trans Braodcast 57(2):602–610

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Malvar HS, Florencio DAF (2003) Improved spread spectrum: a New modulation technique for robust watermarking. IEEE Trans Signal Process 51(4):898–905

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Scharstein D, Szelisk R The Middlebury Computer Vision Page (Online) Available: http://vision.middlebury.edu/. Accessed 23 Jul. 2014

  20. Sklar B (2001) Digital communications fundamental and applications, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall

  21. Zhang L, Tam W (2005) Stereoscopic image generation based on depth images for 3D TV. IEEE Trans Broadcast 51(2):191–199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Zheng D, Wang S, Zhao J (2009) RST invariant image watermarking algorithm with mathematical modeling and analysis of watermarking process. IEEE Trans Image Process 18(5):1055–1068

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhu N, Ding G, Wang J (2008) A novel digital watermarking method for new viewpoint video based on depth map. 8th Int Conf Intell Syst Design Appl (ISDA). 2:3–7

  24. Zhu C, Zhao Y, Yu L (2013) 3d-tv system with depth image based rendering. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Imran Usman.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bashir, T., Usman, I. & ur Rehman, J. Secure digital watermarking using optimized improved spread spectrum and BCH coding for DIBR 3D-TV system. Multimed Tools Appl 75, 7697–7713 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-2689-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-2689-z

Keywords

Navigation