The structure and phase composition of addition alloys based on aluminum with Hf, Er, Gd, Yand Sm and the effect of low additions of these transition metals on the structure and properties of alloy Al – 0.2% Zr – 0.1% Sc are studied. It is shown that individual introduction of Y, Sm, Er, and Gd in an amount of 0.1% each causes formation of eutectic phases Al3Y, Al3Sm, Al3Er and Al3Gd, respectively. An indirect inference is that the additions of Y, Sm, Hf, Er and Gd raise the thermal stability of the Al3 (Sc, Zr) dispersoids after annealing at 250°C with a hold of up to 100 h; softening at 370°C starts after holding for 54 h. Maximum hardening is detected in the case of 0.1% Er and attains 50 HV after a 54-h hold at 370°C.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
If not mentioned specially, the content of the elements is given in mass percent.
References
C. B. Fuller, J. L. Murray, and D. N. Seidman, “Temporal evolution of the nanostructure of Al(Sc, Zr) alloys. Part I. Chemical compositions of Al3(Sc1 – x Zr x ) precipitates,” Acta Mater., 53, 5401 – 5413 (2005).
C. B. Fuller and D. N. Seidman, “Temporal evolution of the nanostructure of Al(Sc, Zr) alloys. Part II. Coarsening of Al3(Sc1 –x Zr x ) precipitates,” Acta Mater., 53, 5415 – 5428 (2005).
W. Lefebvrea, F. Danoixa, H. Hallem, et al., “Precipitation kinetics of Al3(Sc, Zr) dispersoids in aluminum,” J. Alloys Compd., 470, 107 – 110 (2009).
A. K. Lohara, B. Mondala, D. Rafajab, et al., “Microstructural investigations of as-cast and annealed Al – Sc and Al – Sc – Zr alloys,” Mater. Charact., 60, 1387 – 1394 (2009).
V. Ocenasek and M. Slamova, “Resistance to recrystallization due to Sc and Zr additions to Al – Mg alloys,” Mater. Charact., 47, 157 – 162 (2001).
Gen Li, Naiqin Zhao, Tao Liu, et al., “Effect of Sc/Zr ratio on the microstructure and mechanical properties of new type of Al – Zn – Mg – Sc – Zr alloys,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 617, 219 – 227 (2014).
C. B. Fuller, A. R. Krause, D. C. Dunand, and D, N. Seidman, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of a 5754 aluminum alloy modified by Sc and Zr additions,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 338, 8 – 16 (2002).
V. G. Davydov, T. D. Rostova, V. V. Zakharov, et al., “Scientific principles of making an alloying addition of scandium to aluminum alloys,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 280, 30 – 36 (2000).
Yu. A. Filatov, V. I. Elagin, and V. V. Zakharov, “New Al –Mg – Sc alloys,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 280, 97 – 101 (2000).
C. Booth-Morrison, D. C. Dunand, and D. N. Seidman, “Coarsening resistance at 400°C of precipitation-strengthened Al – Zr – Sc – Er alloys,” Acta Mater., 59, 7029 – 7042 (2011).
S. P.Wen, L. Y. Gao, Y. Li, et al., “Synergetic effect of Er and Zr on the precipitation hardening of Al – Er – Zr alloy,” Scr. Mater., 65, 592 – 595 (2011).
H. L. Hao, D. R. Ni, Z. Zhang, et al., “Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al – Mg – Er sheets jointed by friction stir welding,” Mater. Design, 52, 706 – 712 (2013).
Yang Dongxi, Li Xiaoyan, He Dingyong, and Huang Hui, “Effect of minor Er and Zr on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al – Mg – Mn alloy (5083) welded joints,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 561, 226 – 231 (2013).
Y. Zhang, H. Gao, Y. Kuai, et al., “Effects of Y additions on the precipitation and recrystallization of Al – Zr alloys,” Mater. Charact., 86, 1 – 8 (2013).
XingGuo Zhang, FeiQiang Mei, Huan Yue Zhang, et al. “Effects of Gd and Y additions on microstructure and properties of Al – Zn – Mg – Cu – Zr alloys,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 552, 230 – 235 (2012).
C. Booth-Morrison, D. N. Seidman, and D. C. Dunand, “Effect of Er additions on ambient and high-temperature strength of precipitation-strengthened Al – Zr – Sc – Si alloys,” Acta Mater., 60, 3643 – 3654 (2012).
H. Li, Z. Gao, H. Yin, et al., “Effect of Er and Zr additions on precipitation and recrystallization of pure aluminum,” Scr. Mater., 68, 59 – 62 (2013).
L. Z. He, X. H. Li, Z. T. Liu, et al., “Effects of homogenization on microstructures and properties of a new type Al –Mg –Mn – Zr – Ti – Er alloy,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 527, 7510 – 7518 (2010).
N. Q. Vo, D. C. Dunand, and D. N. Seidman, “Improving aging and creep resistance in a dilute Al – Sc alloy by microalloying with Si, Zr and Er,” Acta Mater., 63, 73 – 85 (2014).
M. E. Van Dalen, D. C. Dunand, and D. N. Seidman, “Microstructural evolution and creep properties of precipitationstrengthened Al – 0.06Sc – 0.02Gd and Al – 0.06Sc – 0.02Yb (at.%) alloys,” Acta Mater., 59, 5224 – 5237 (2011).
S. P. Wen, K. Y. Gao, H. Huang, et al., “Precipitation evolution in Al – Er – Zr alloys during aging at elevated temperature,” J. Alloys Compd., 574, 92 – 97 (2013).
H. Hallem, W. Lefebvre, B. Forbord, et al., “The formation of Al3(Sc x Zr y Hf1– x – y )-dispersoids in aluminum alloys,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 421, 154 – 160 (2006).
N. P. Lyakishev, O. A. Bannykh, L. L. Rokhlin, et al., Phase Diagrams of Binary Metallic Systems, Vol. 1 [in Russian], Mashinostroenie, Moscow (1996), 992 p.
The work has been performed with financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within State Assignment No. 11.1760.2014/K and Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 218.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 9, pp. 25 – 30, September, 2016.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pozdnyakov, A.V., Osipenkova, A.A., Popov, D.A. et al. Effect of Low Additions of Y, Sm, Gd, Hf and Er on the Structure and Hardness of Alloy Al – 0.2% Zr – 0.1% Sc. Met Sci Heat Treat 58, 537–542 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-017-0050-z
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-017-0050-z