Abstract
Raspberry leaf blotch virus (RLBV) is the putative agent of the homonymous disease and even though Bosnia and Herzegovina is a major producer worldwide there is no report of the virus presence in the country. We studied the virus population structure and assessed its ability to move systemically. RLBV is widespread in production areas and has a homogeneous population structure; leading to the hypothesis that the primary mode of dissemination is propagation material. The ability of the virus to move systemically eliminates propagation of root cuttings as a viable option to obtain RLBV-free plants, leaving RT-PCR screening as the better option to propagate RLBV- free plants in the absence of clean-up facilities or certification programs in the country.
References
FAO STAT Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Database 2019. Available at https://faostat.fao.org/
Životić A, Mićić N, Trifković V, Cvetković M (2018) Characteristics of raspberry production in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Agro-Knowl J 19(4):241–254
Annonumus (2018). Available at https://www.sarajevotimes.com/bih-among-the-top-ten-producers-of-raspberry-in-the-world/
Khadgi A (2015) Blackberry Virosome: A micro and macro approach. University of Arkansas MS Thesis, Fayetteville, p 163
Martin RR, Tzanetakis IE (2015) Control of virus diseases of berry crops. Adv Virus Res 91:271–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2014.10.003Epub 2014 Dec 12
Lu Y, McGavin W, Cock PJA, Schnettler E, Yan F, Chen J, MacFarlane S (2015) Newly identified RNAs of raspberry leaf blotch virus encoding a related group of proteins. J Gen Virol 96(11):3432–3439. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000277
McGavin WJ, Mitchell C, Cock PJ, Wright KM, MacFarlane SA (2012) Raspberry leaf blotch virus, a putative new member of the genus Emaravirus, encodes a novel genomic RNA. J Gen Virol 93(2):430–437. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.037937-0
Yu CL, Karlin DG, Lu YW, Wright K, Chen JP, MacFarlane S (2013) Experimental and bioinformatic evidence that raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus P4 is a movement protein of the 30K superfamily. J Gen Virol 94:2117–2128. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000277
Dong L, Lemmetty A, Latvala S, Samuilova O, Valkonen JPT (2016) Occurrence and genetic diversity of Raspberry leaf blotch virus (HTS/RT-PCR) infecting cultivated and wild Rubus species in Finland. Annals Appl Biol 168(1):122–132. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12247
Paunović AS, Jevremović D (2017) Rubus yellow net virus and Black raspberry necrosis virus, newly detected viruses in raspberry plantations in Republic of Serbia. Book of Abstract of 24th International Conference on virus and other graft transmissible diseases of fruit crops. IPWG, Thessaloniki, p 100
Bi Y, Artola K, Kurokura T, Hytönen T, Valkonen JPT (2012) First report of Raspberry leaf blotch virus in raspberries in Finland. Plant Dis 96(8):1231. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-12-0368-PDN
Mavrič I, Pleško M, Marn V, Lazarova S, Peneva V, Širca S, Urek G (2014) First detection of Raspberry leaf blotch virus in red raspberry in Bulgaria. J Plant Pathol 96(2):431–439. https://doi.org/10.4454/JPP.V96I2.013
Cieslinska M, Tartanus M (2014) Molecular diversity of Raspberry leaf blotch virus—a new pathogen of Rubus sp. plants in Poland. Book of Abstracts of the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology 8–13 September 2014. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, p 162
Zindović J, Viršček Marn M, Mavrič PI (2015) First report of Raspberry leaf blotch virus (HTS/RT-PCR) in red raspberry in Montenegro. J Plant Pathol 97(2):398. https://doi.org/10.4454/JPP.V97I2.024
Ho T, Tzanetakis IE (2014) Development of a virus detection and discovery pipeline using next generation sequencing. Virology 47:54–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2014.09.019
Poudel B, Wintermantel WM, Cortez AA, Ho T, Khadgi A, Tzanetakis IE (2013) Epidemiology of Blackberry yellow vein associated virus. Plant Dis 97(10):1352–1357
Tzanetakis IE, Postman JD, Martin RR (2007) Identification, detection and transmission of a new Vitivirus from Mentha. Adv Virol 152:2027–2033
Werren JH, Windsor D, Guo L (1995) Distribution of Wolbachiaamong neotropical arthropods. Proc R Soc Lond B 262:197–204
Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ (1994) CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res 22:4673–4680
Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schäffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman DJ (1997) Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST, a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 25:3389–3402
Jones DT, Taylor WR, Thornton JM (1992) The rapid generation of mutation data matrices from protein sequences. Comput Appl Biosci 8:275–282
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K (2018) MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35:1547–1549
Gergerich R, Welliver RA, Osterbauer NK, KamenidouIoannis S, Martin R, Golino DA, Eastwell KC, Fuchs M, Vidalakis G, Tzanetakis IE (2015) Safeguarding fruit crops in the age of agricultural globalization. Plant Dis 99(2):176–187. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-14-0762-FE
Maree HJ, Fox A, Al Rwahnih M, Boonham N, Candresse T (2018) Application of HTS for routine plant virus diagnostics: state of the art and challenges. Front Plant Sci 9:1082. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01082
Villamor DEV, Ho T, Al Rwahnih M, Martin RR, Tzanetakis IE (2019) High throughput sequencing for plant virus detection and discovery. Phytopathology 109(5):716–725. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-18-0257-RVW
Jevremović D, Leposavić A, Paunović SA (2019) Genetic diversity of Raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus in red raspberries from Serbia. Span J Agric Res 17(1):e1004. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019171-13861
Di Bello PL, Laney AG, Druciarek T, Ho T, Gergerich RC, Keller KE, Martin RR, Tzanetakis IE (2016) A novel emaravirus is associated with redbud yellow ringspot disease. Virus Res 222:41–47
Kallinen AK, Lindberg IL, Tugume AK, Valkonen JPT (2009) Detection, distribution, and genetic variability of European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus. Phytopathology 99:344–352
Patil BL, Dangwal M, Mishra R (2017) Variability of emaravirus species associated with sterility mosaic disease of pigeonpea in India provides evidence of segment reassortment. Viruses 9:183
Walia JJ, Willemsen A, Elci E, Caglayan K, Falk BW, Rubio L (2014) Genetic variation and possible mechanisms driving the evolution of worldwide fig mosaic virus isolates. Phytopathology 104:108–114
Hassana MI, Tzanetakis IE (2019) Population structure, evolution and detection of blackberry leaf mottle-associated virus, an emerging emaravirus. Plant Pathol 2019(68):775–782. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12992
Katsiani A, Stainton D, Lamour K, Tzanetakis IE (2020) The population structure of Rose rosette virus in the United States. J Gen Virol. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001418
Gratwick M (1992) Raspberry leaf and bud mite. In: Gratwick M (ed) Crop pests in the UK. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 350–353. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1490-5_70
Acknowledgements
This work was supported through Fulbright Visiting Scholar Grant at the University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology and by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina (contract number 10/33-14-632-1/17), Ministry for Scientific and Technological Development, Higher Education and Information Society of Republic of Srpska (contract number 19/6-020/966-56/18).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the discussions and agreed on key decision points. The submitted document was primarily prepared by the corresponding author and subsequently reviewed and agreed by the other authors. All authors read and approved the final version.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Hereby we confirm and declare that in the work done and present in this paper there is no any potential conflict of interest.
Research involving human and animal participants
In the research any human and/or animal participant wasn’t used.
Informed consent
There is no any disagreement with informed consent.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Delić, D., Radulović, M., Vakić, M. et al. Raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus in Bosnia and Herzegovina: population structure and systemic movement. Mol Biol Rep 47, 4891–4896 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05560-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05560-x