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Genome-wide association mapping for five major pest resistances in wheat

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Abstract

Insect pests cause substantial damage to wheat production in many wheat-producing areas of the world. Amongst these, Hessian fly (HF), Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Sunn pest (SP), wheat stem saw fly (WSSF) and cereal leaf beetle (CLB) are the most damaging in the areas where they occur. Historically, the use of resistance genes in wheat has been the most effective, environmentally friendly, and cost-efficient approach to controlling pest infestations. In this study, we carried out a genome-wide association study with 2518 Diversity Arrays Technology markers which were polymorphic on 134 wheat genotypes with varying degrees of resistance to the five most destructive pests (HF, RWA, SP, WSSF and CLB) of wheat, using mixed linear model (MLM) analysis with population structure as a covariate. We identified 26 loci across the wheat genome linked to genes conferring resistance to these pests, of which 20 are potentially novel quantitative trait loci with significance values which ranged between 5 × 10−3 and 10−11. We used an in silico approach to identify probable candidate genes at some of the genomic regions and found that their functions varied from defense response with transferase activity to several genes of unknown function. Identification of potentially new loci associated with resistances to pests would contribute to more rapid marker-aided incorporation of new and diverse genes to develop new varieties with improved resistance against these pests.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Basem Edris for his technical assistance. Grains Research and Development Cooperation, ACT, Australia and International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria supported this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria

    R. Joukhadar

  2. The International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria

    M. El-Bouhssini, A. Jighly & F. C. Ogbonnaya

  3. Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC), P.O. Box 5367, Kingston, ACT, 2604, Australia

    F. C. Ogbonnaya

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  1. R. Joukhadar
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  2. M. El-Bouhssini
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  3. A. Jighly
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  4. F. C. Ogbonnaya
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Correspondence to F. C. Ogbonnaya.

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11032_2013_9924_MOESM3_ESM.doc

Supplementary Fig. 1 Results of the evaluation of the 134 wheat genotypes included in the study according to their reaction to Russian Wheat Aphid (RWA), Sunn pest (SP), Hessian fly (HF), Wheat stem saw fly (WSSF) and cereal leaf beetle (CB). S: Susceptible, MR: Moderate resistant, R: Resistant. (DOC 53 kb)

11032_2013_9924_MOESM4_ESM.doc

Supplementary Fig. 2 Synthetic hexaploid wheat resistant to Syrian biotype of Hessian fly showing the dead larvae suggesting that the mechanism of resistance is antibiosis. (DOC 969 kb)

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Joukhadar, R., El-Bouhssini, M., Jighly, A. et al. Genome-wide association mapping for five major pest resistances in wheat. Mol Breeding 32, 943–960 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-013-9924-y

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