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α-Bisabolol abrogates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in rats

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Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays crucial role in the pathologenesis of myocardial infarction (MI). The present study evaluated the protective effect of α-bisabolol against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pre- and co-treated with intraperitoneal injection of α-bisabolol (25 mg/kg body weight) daily for 10 days. To induce experimental MI, ISO (85 mg/kg body weight) was injected subcutaneously to the rats at an interval of 24 h for 2 days (9th and 10th day). ISO-induced MI was indicated by the decreased activities of heart creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in rats. ISO administration also enhanced the concentrations of heart mitochondrial lipid peroxidation products and decreased the activities/concentrations of mitochondrial antioxidants, Kreb’s cycle dehydrogenases and mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I, II + III and IV in rats. Furthermore, ISO triggers calcium overload and ATP depletion in the rat’s heart mitochondria followed by the mitochondrial cytochrome-C release and the activation of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by upregulating the myocardial pro-apoptotic Bax, P53, APAF-1, active caspase-3, active caspase-9 and down regulating the expressions of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. α-Bisabolol pre and co-treatment showed considerable protective effects on all the biochemical and molecular parameters studied. Transmission electron microscopic study and mitochondrial swelling assay confirmed our biochemical and molecular findings. The in vitro study on hydroxyl radical also revealed the potent free radical scavenging activity of α-bisabolol. Thus, α-bisabolol attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in ISO-induced myocardial infarcted rats.

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Abbreviations

ISO:

Isoproterenol

MI:

Myocardial infarction

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

Bax:

B-cell lymphoma-2 associated-x

APAF-1:

Apoptotic protease activating factor 1

Bcl-2:

B-cell lymphoma-2

ETC:

Electron transport chain

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

TCA:

Tricarboxylic acid

Ca2+ :

Calcium

CK:

Creatine kinase

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

LOOH:

Lipid hydroperoxide

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

ICDH:

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

MDH:

Malate dehydrogenase

SDH:

Succinate dehydrogenase

α-KGDH:

α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

OH• :

Hydroxyl radical

DMRT:

Duncan’s multiple range test

SPSS:

Statistical Package for the Social Science

SD:

Standard deviation

NAD:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADH:

Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADP:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank United Arab Emirates University for the funding through University Program for Advanced Research (UPAR) (Grant No. 31M195).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE

    Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran, Farah Laham, Sheikh Azimullah & Shreesh Ojha

  2. Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, UAE

    Saeed Tariq

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  1. Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran
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Nagoor Meeran, M.F., Laham, F., Azimullah, S. et al. α-Bisabolol abrogates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 453, 89–102 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-018-3434-5

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