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Anti-inflammatory effect of procyanidin B1 on LPS-treated THP1 cells via interaction with the TLR4–MD-2 heterodimer and p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling

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Abstract

Anti-inflammatory effects of procyanidin B1 have been documented; however, the molecular mechanisms that are involved have not been fully elucidated. Molecular docking models were applied to evaluate the binding capacity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and procyanidin B1 with the toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid differentiation factor (MD)-2 complex. LPS-induced production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in a human monocyte cell line (THP1) was measured by ELISA. mRNA expression of MD-2, TLR4, TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF)-6, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB was measured by real-time PCR with or without an 18-h co-treatment with procyanidin B1. In addition, protein expression of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB was determined by Western blotting. Structural modeling studies identified Tyr296 in TLR4 and Ser120 in MD-2 as critical sites for hydrogen bonding with procyanidin B1, similar to the sites occupied by LPS. The production of TNF-α was significantly decreased by procyanidin B1 in LPS-treated THP1 cells (p < 0.05). Procyanidin B1 also significantly suppressed levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and NF-κB protein, as well as mRNA levels of MD-2, TRAF-6, and NF-κB (all p < 0.05). Procyanidin B1 can compete with LPS for binding to the TLR4–MD-2 heterodimer and suppress downstream activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Young Starting Foundation of the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University (QN2012008) and the 2013 Dalian Science and Technology Planning Project (guidance project).

Conflict of interest

The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Emergency Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China

    Jing Xing, Rui Li, Nan Li, Jian Zhang, Ping Gong, Dongna Gao, Hui Liu & Yu Zhang

  2. College of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Yueqing Li

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  1. Jing Xing
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  2. Rui Li
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Correspondence to Yu Zhang.

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Xing, J., Li, R., Li, N. et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of procyanidin B1 on LPS-treated THP1 cells via interaction with the TLR4–MD-2 heterodimer and p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 407, 89–95 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-015-2457-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-015-2457-4

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