Expression of β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases during differentiation of human acute myeloid leukemia cells
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Abstract
The expressions of β1,3-N-acetylglucosamonyltransferase-2 and -8 (β3GnT-2, β3GnT-8),—the two main glycosyltransferases responsible for the synthesis of poly-N-acetyllactosamine (polyLacNAc) in glycans, and β3GnT-5 participating in the syntheses of sphingoglycolipids were studied in leukemia cell lines during differentiation using RT-PCR method. β3GnT-2 and β3GnT-8 distribute widely in six myeloid and monocytoid leukemia cell lines with different abundances, while β3GnT-4 was only present in NB4 cells. ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), which induce the differentiation of HL-60 and NB4 (two human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines) to myelocytic lineage, up-regulated these two enzymes with various degrees at 2 and 72 h of treatment. In HL-60 cells treated with ATRA, the increase of β3GnT-8 was more than β3GnT-2, while in NB4 cells treated with DMSO, the increase of β3GnT-2 was more than β3GnT-8. However, when HL-60 and NB4 were differentiated to monocytic lineage induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate the expressions of β3GnT-2 and β3GnT-8 showed no alterations or the increase of expressions was far less than those in myelocytic differentiation. By means of FITC-labeled tomato lectin affinity staining and flow-cytometry, it was found that the product of β3GnT-2 and -8, polyLacNAc was also increased on the cell surface of HL-60 and NB4 treated with ATRA or DMSO, but unchanged when treated with PMA. These results were in accordance with the up-regulation of the mRNAs of β3GnT-2 and -8. The expression of β3GnT-5, however, was not changed both in myelocytic and monocytic differentiations. The difference in the up-regulation of β3GnT-2 and -8, especially their products may become a useful index to discriminate the myelocytic and monocytic differentiation of leukemia cells.
Keywords
Leukemia cell lines Differentiation-inducers β1, 3-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase RT-PCR Flow-cytometric analysisAbbreviation
- ATRA
All-trans retinoic acid
- DMSO
Dimethylsulfoxide
- PMA
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
- PolyLacNAc
Poly-N-acetyllactosamine
- Gal
Galactose
- GlcNAc (Gn)
N-Acetylglucosamine
- GnT
N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase
- Man
Mannose
- RT-PCR
Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
- FITC
Fluorescein isothiocynate
- FCS
Fetal calf serum
- GAPDH
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HEPES
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) piperazine-N-(2-ethanesulfonic acid).
- PBS
Phosphate-buffered saline
Notes
Acknowledgment
This research was supported by the grant from National Science Foundition of China (No. 30670642).
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