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Impact of a rotating cone on forced convection of Ag–MgO/water hybrid nanofluid in a 3D multiple vented T-shaped cavity considering magnetic field effects

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Abstract

Forced convection of hybrid Ag–MgO/water nanofluid in a three-dimensional T-shaped vented cavity with multiple ports under the effects of a inner rotating cone and magnetic field is numerically studied with finite volume method. The simulation is performed for various values of parameters such as: Reynolds number (between 100 and 1000), Hartmann number (between 0 and 60), angular velocity of the rotating cone (between − 200 rad/s and 0), aspect ratio of the circular cylinders of the base of the cone (between 0.5 and 2) and nanoparticle solid volume fraction of the hybrid nanofluid (\(\phi _1\) between 0 and 0.01, \(\phi _2\) between 0 and 0.01). It was observed that the average heat transfer rate rises with higher values of Reynolds number, Hartmann number above a specified value, angular rotational speed of the cone, aspect ratio of the cone for values above 1 and solid nanoparticle volume fractions of the hybrid particles. In total, 61% of average heat transfer enhancement for left horizontal upper surface is achieved with the imposed magnetic field. The enhancement in the average Nusselt numbers is 25.6% for the rotating cone at the highest angular velocity as compared to a motionless one. The average heat transfer increases almost linearly with hybrid solid nanoparticle volume fraction, while 8.96% and 15.52% enhancements are obtained for varying the solid volume fraction of the particles with the lower and higher thermal conductivity up to 0.01.

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Abbreviations

Ha:

Hartmann number

H :

Size of the cavity

h :

Local heat transfer coefficient

k :

Thermal conductivity

n :

Unit normal vector

\(\hbox {Nu}_\mathrm{s}\) :

Local Nusselt number

\(\hbox {Nu}_\mathrm{m}\) :

Average Nusselt number

p :

Pressure

Pr:

Prandtl number

R :

Normalized residual

Pr:

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature

u, v :

x–y velocity components

x, y :

Cartesian coordinates

\(\alpha\) :

Thermal diffusivity

\(\beta\) :

Expansion coefficient

\(\phi\) :

Solid volume fraction

\(\nu\) :

Kinematic viscosity

\(\theta\) :

Non-dimensional temperature

\(\rho\) :

Density of the fluid

c:

Cold

h:

Hot

m:

Average

nf:

Nanofluid

p:

Solid particle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Celal Bayar University, 45140, Manisa, Turkey

    Fatih Selimefendigil

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technology Faculty, Fırat University, 23119, Elazığ, Turkey

    Hakan F. Öztop

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  1. Fatih Selimefendigil
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  2. Hakan F. Öztop
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Correspondence to Fatih Selimefendigil.

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Selimefendigil, F., Öztop, H.F. Impact of a rotating cone on forced convection of Ag–MgO/water hybrid nanofluid in a 3D multiple vented T-shaped cavity considering magnetic field effects. J Therm Anal Calorim 143, 1485–1501 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09348-w

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