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Performance of composites with metakaolin-blended cements

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Abstract

Nowadays the blended cements acquire the merit of high significance due to the thermal, energetic and ecological demands for ordinary Portland cement (PC) production. Metakaolin as a partial substitute of PC represents important pozzolana contributing to production of effective cement composites with high quality. Pozzolanic reaction of metakaolinite with PC in the presence of water is main reason of this statement. Comparison of three types of metakaolin sand (fineness below 60 μm) with different metakaolinite content (31–40 mass%) is presented in this study. The substitution of PC with metakaolin sand of the maximal metakaolinite content (40 mass%) leads to the highest compressive strengths of relevant composites. This is valid for composites with the highest substitution of PC by metakaolin sand in specimens (20 and 40 mass%). The best effectiveness of pozzolanic reaction is given especially by the highest consumption of portlandite which represents composite with the maximal metakaolinite content in metakaolin sand (40 mass%) and the higher substitution level of PC by metakaolin sand in specimens. This fact is connected with the improvement of pore structure parameters resulting in the pore structure refinement as well as permeability decreases. Both 29Si MAS NMR and 27Al MAS NMR spectra of metakaolin sands and respective composites confirm the most intense pozzolanic reaction in the case of metakaolin sand with the highest metakaolinite content (40 mass%). The results are properly supplemented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identifying the formed typical phases. The study has shown that metakaolin sand with reduced metakaolinite contents is also applicable as a pozzolanic addition to PC in the on-coming building practice.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Slovak Grant Agency VEGA (project No. 2/0064/14) for the support this work. This research was also funded by Slovak Academy of Sciences (SASci) and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) under project 2007SK0005 (2008–2009).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Construction and Architecture, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 03, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Ľudovít Krajči, Ivan Janotka & Marta Kuliffayová

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada

    Subhash C. Mojumdar

  3. Building Testing and Research Institute, Studena 3, 821 04, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Ivan Janotka

  4. Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences, IETcc-CSIC, Serrano Galvache 4, 280 33, Madrid, Spain

    Francisca Puertas

  5. Institute of Building Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, ETHZ, Schafmattstraße 6, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland

    Marta Palacios

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  1. Ľudovít Krajči
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Correspondence to Subhash C. Mojumdar.

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Krajči, Ľ., Mojumdar, S.C., Janotka, I. et al. Performance of composites with metakaolin-blended cements. J Therm Anal Calorim 119, 851–863 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-014-4119-2

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