Skip to main content
Log in

Estimating emission source of lead using 210Pb specific activity (210Pb/Pb) and zinc as tracers in Slovenian forest soils

  • Published:
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Specific activity of 210Pb (210Pb/Pb) is a good indicator for distinguishing local and remote emission sources of Pb deposited on some forest floors in Slovenia. Another parameter (zinc in soil) gives additional information on possible emission sources and distance of Pb transported from the source. The procedure based on 210Pb activity measurements and non-destructive Pb and Zn determination is rather simple, and not necessary any chemical pre-treatments with strong acids. The soils investigated in this study were collected from several temperate forest sites (Žirovski Vrh, Idrija, Kočevski Rog, Pohorje, Gorišnica, Rakitna, Hotavlje, Otovci, Ptujska gora and Puče) in Slovenia where high level of Pb contamination has been known in some places. Regression analyses of the results suggest an applicability of the proposed procedure for estimating emission sources and atmospheric transportation of Pb.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zupančič N (1999) Lead contamination in the roadside soils of Slovenia. Environ Geochem Health 21:37–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Markus J, McBratney AB (2001) A review of the contamination of soil with lead II. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of soil lead. Environ Int 27:399–411

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Klaminder J, Bindler R, Emteryd O, Renberg I (2005) Uptake and recycling of lead by boreal forest plants: quantitative estimates from a site in northern Sweden. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 69:2485–2496

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Cheng H, Hu Y (2010) Lead (Pb) isotopic fingerprinting and its applications in lead pollution studies in China: a review. Environ Pollut 158:1134–1146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Fujiyoshi R (2011) Tracing depositional consequences of environmental radionuclides (137Cs and 210Pb) in Slovenian forest soils. Cent Eur J Geosci 3(3):291–301

    Google Scholar 

  6. Zadnik T (2010) Monitoring of lead in topsoil, forage, blood, liver, and kidneys in cows in a lead-polluted area in Slovenia (1975–2002) and a case of lead poisoning (1993). Int J Chem Eng 2010:9. doi:10.1155/2010/940206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Vogel-Mikus K, Drobne D, Regvar M (2005) Zn, Cd, Pb accumulation and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of pennycress Thlaspi praecox Wulf (Brassicaceae) from the vicinity of a lead mine and smelter in Slovenia. Environ Pollut 133(2):233–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Gosar M (2004) Environmental impacts of metal mining. Mater Geoenviron 51(4):2097–2107

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kovács T, Szeiler G, Fábián F, Kardos R, Gregorič A, Vaupotič J (2013) J Environ Radioact 122:70–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Martinez T, Lartigue J, Juárez F, Avila-Perez P, Márquez C, Zarazua G, Tejeda S (2007) 206Pb/207Pb ratio in dry deposit samples from the metropolitan zone of Mexico valley. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 273(3):577–582

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. UNEP (2010) Final review of scientific information on lead, UNEP Chemicals Branch DTIE

  12. Szopka K, Karczewska A, Jezierski P, Kabała C (2013) Spatial distribution of lead in the surface layers of mountain forest soils, an example from the Karkonosze National Park, Poland. Geoderma 192:259–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Slovenian Environmental Agency (2014) Informative Inventory Report 2014 for Slovenia, Submission under the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Slovenian Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Environment, Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia

  14. Budkocič T, Šajn R, Gosar M (2003) Vpliv delujočih in opuščenih rudnikov kovin in topilniških obratov na okolje v Sloveniji. Geologija 46(1):135–140 (in Slovene language)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dimovska B, Stafilov T, Šajn R, Bačeva K (2014) Distribution of lead and zinc in soil over the Bitola region, Republic of Macedonia. Geol Maced 28(1):87–91

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hsu SC, Liu SC, Jeng WL, Lin FJ, Huang YT, Lung SCC, Liu TH, Tu JY (2005) Variations of Cd/Pb and Zn/Pb ratio in Taipei aerosols reflecting long-range transport or local pollution emission. Sci Total Environ 347:111–121

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Finžgar N, Tlustoš T, Leštan D (2007) Relationship of soil properties to fractionation, bioavailability and mobility of lead and zinc in soil. Plant Soil Environ 53:225–238

    Google Scholar 

  18. Šajn R, Gosar M (2008) Pollution in Slovenia, owing to mining and metallurgy. Ber Geol Bund 77:22–23

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pacyna J (1987) Atmospheric emissions of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury from high temperature processes in power generation and industry. In: Hutchinson TC, Meema KM (eds) Atmospheric emission of arsenic cadmium lead and mercury from high temperature processes in power generation and industry, Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, and Arsenic in the environment. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  20. Slovenian Environmental Agency (2014) Air pollution. http://www.arso.gov.si/en/soar/air_pollution.html. Accessed 20 May 2014

  21. Akata N, Kawabata H, Hasegawa H, Kondo K, Sato T, Chikuchi Y, Hisamatsu S, Inaba J (2009) Air mass origins by back trajectory analysis for evaluating atmospheric 210Pb concentrations at Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 279(2):493–498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Weiss D, Shotyk W, Kempf O (1999) Archives of atmospheric lead pollution. Naturwissenschaften 86:262–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Erel Y, Veron A, Halicz L (1997) Tracing the transport of anthropogenic lead in the atmosphere and in soils using isotopic ratios. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 61(21):4495–4505

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The present authors would appreciate Prof. Emeritus Ivan Kobal and Dr. Janja Vaupotič of Jozef Stefan Institute in Slovenia for preparing everything that needed to continue the present research work. They gratefully acknowledge Mr. Noriaki YAMASHITA (Seiko EG&G Co. Ltd., Japan) for technical support on gamma spectrometry, and Dr. Asta Gregorič (Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia) for helping geological description of the sites investigated in this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ryoko Fujiyoshi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Fujiyoshi, R., Ichikawa, T., Okamoto, K. et al. Estimating emission source of lead using 210Pb specific activity (210Pb/Pb) and zinc as tracers in Slovenian forest soils. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 307, 79–87 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-4136-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-4136-z

Keywords

Navigation