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Improvement in the mechanical performance and interfacial behavior of kenaf fiber reinforced high density polyethylene composites by the addition of maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene

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Abstract

The effects of compatibilizer on the tensile, flexural and interfacial adhesion behavior of kenaf fiber reinforced high density polyethylene composites were investigated. The addition of maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene (MA-HDPE) as compatibilizer into the composites was found to improve the mechanical properties and the adhesion behavior of the composites. These improvements were due to the improved compatibility between matrix and fiber. 8 % MA-HDPE loading provided maximum enhancement in tensile and flexural properties when compared to the other compatibilizer contents. Meanwhile, uncompatibilized composites showed poorer mechanical properties and interfacial behavior relative to the compatibilized composites. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the changed chemical structures by the appearance of stretching vibration of the ester carbonyl groups (C = O) around 1725 cm−1 to 1742 cm−1 and the peak of hydroxyl group at 3327 cm−1 in the compatibilized composites. This indicates that the maleic anhydride has bonded to the kenaf fiber through esterification reaction, giving rise to strong interfacial bonding between the matrix and fiber. The improvement in the interfacial behavior was evident from the tensile fracture surface morphology using a field emission scanning electron microscopy.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the University of Malaya through Grants IPPP (PS347-2010A & PV003-2011B) and RG150-11AFR.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer and Composite Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Fauzani Md. Salleh, Aziz Hassan, Rosiyah Yahya & Ahmad Danial Azzahari

  2. Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Federal University of Technology, 920001, Minna, Nigeria

    Ruth A. Lafia-Araga

  3. Central Service Unit (Laboratory), Dean’s Office, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohd Nazarul Zaman Mohd Nazir

Authors
  1. Fauzani Md. Salleh
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  2. Aziz Hassan
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  3. Rosiyah Yahya
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  4. Ruth A. Lafia-Araga
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  5. Ahmad Danial Azzahari
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  6. Mohd Nazarul Zaman Mohd Nazir
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Correspondence to Aziz Hassan.

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Salleh, F.M., Hassan, A., Yahya, R. et al. Improvement in the mechanical performance and interfacial behavior of kenaf fiber reinforced high density polyethylene composites by the addition of maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene. J Polym Res 21, 439 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-014-0439-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-014-0439-y

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