Abstract
In this paper, the solubilities and the densities of the ternary system (CsNO3 + NH4NO3 + H2O) at 298.15 and 348.15 K and 101.325 kPa were measured using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method, and the phase diagrams and density versus composition diagrams at these two temperatures were established on the basis of experimental data for the first time. In the ternary system at both temperatures, there are all one invariant point, two solubility isotherm curves, and two crystallization zones corresponding to cesium nitrate (CsNO3) and ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). The phase diagram at two temperatures belongs to the simple-type of salt–water system, neither double salt nor solid solution were formed. With increasing of the concentration of ammonium nitrate in solution at the two temperatures, the density of the solution is increased gradually, firstly to reach the maximum value at the invariant point, and then decreased gradually. Moreover, on the basis of empirical equations of density of the electrolytes, the calculated values of densities at the two temperatures agree well with the experimental data.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen, S.Q., Guo, Y.F., Li, L., Zhang, S.S., Lei, L.Y., Li, M.L., Duo, J., Deng, T.L.: Solid–liquid phase equilibria of the quinary system containing lithium, sodium, calcium, chloride, and borate ions at T = 288.15 K and p = 101.325 kPa. J. Chem. Eng. Data 64, 3050–3057 (2019)
Tong, W., Liao, Z.J., Liu, S.B., Zhang, Z.F., You, M.Z., Zhang, M.T.: Tibet Hot Spring. Science Press, Beijing (2000)
Zhang, L.Z., Gui, Q.L., Lu, X.H., Wang, Y.R., Shi, J.: Measurement of solid–liquid equilibria by a flow-cloud-point method. J. Chem. Soc. Trans. 93, 1739–1747 (1908)
Zhang, J.F., Yang, L.R., Dong, T.T., Pan, F., Xing, H.F., Liu, H.Z.: Kinetics-controlled separation intensification for cesium and rubidium isolation from salt lake brine. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 57, 4399–4406 (2018)
Chen, S.Q., Hu, J.Y., Shi, J.: Composite hydrogel particles encapsulated ammonium molybdophosphate for efficiently cesium selective removal and enrichment from wastewater. J. Hazard. Mater. 3, 694–704 (2019)
Yang, D.J., Sarina, S., Zhu, H.Y., Liu, H.W., Zheng, Z.F., Xie, M.X., Smith, S.V., Komarneni, S.: Capture of radioactive cesium and iodide ions from water by using titanate nanofibers and nanotubes. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50, 10594–10598 (2011)
Dyer, A., Pillinger, M., Harjula, R., Amin, S.: Sorption characteristics of radionuclides on synthetic birnessite-type layered manganese oxides. J. Mater. Chem. 10, 1867–1874 (2000)
Manos, M.J., Kanatzidis, M.G.: Highly efficient and rapid Cs+ uptake by the layered metal sulfide K2xMnxSn3 – xS6 (KMS-1). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 6, 6599–6607 (2009)
Smotrov, M.P., Cherkasov, D.G., Il’in, K.K.: Phase equilibria and critical phenomena in the cesium nitrate–water–pyridine ternary system. Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 62, 386–390 (2017)
Zhang, H.Y., Li, S.N., Zhu, W.W., Zhai, Q.G., Jiang, Y.C., Hu, M.C.: Equilibrium phase behavior of ethylene glycol/glycerin + RbNO3/CsNO3 + H2O at 288.15 and 298.15 K. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ. 30, 978–986 (2014)
Li, S.N., Zhai, G.Q., Hu, M.Q., Xia, S.P., Gao, S.Y.: Equilibrium solubility and physical properties of CsNO3–C2H5OH–H2O ternary system at different temperatures. Chin. J. Appl. Chem. 21, 895–899 (2004)
Campbell, A.N.: The systems: LiNO3–NH4NO3 and LiNO3–NH4NO3–H2O. Open Thermodyn. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 2680–2684 (1942)
Zhang, L.Z., Gui, Q.L., Lu, X.H., Wang, Y.R., Shi, J.: Measurement of solid–liquid equilibria by a flow-cloud-point method. J. Chem. Eng. Data 43, 32–37 (1998)
Thompson, A.R., Vener, R.E.: Solubility and density isotherms potassium and ammonium nitrates in ethanol solutions. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 37, 1244–1248 (1945)
Flatt, R., Brunisholz, G., Lauber, E.: Contribution to study of quinaire system Ca2+-NH +4 -HNO3−PO 3−4 −H2O. IX. Les solutions simultaneously saturated to the phosphate monocalcique and the phosphate monoammonique. Helv. Chim. Acta. 36, 1130–1142 (1953)
Speight, J.M.: Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry. McGraw-Hill, New York (2005)
Deng, T.L.: Phase equilibrium for the aqueous system containing lithium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and borate ions at 298.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 49, 1295–1299 (2004)
Wang, X.X., Huang, J.F., Tang, J.X.: Phase equilibrium of LiCl–NH4Cl–LiCO3–(NH4)2CO3–H2O (in Chinese). Chin. Acad. J. Elect. Publish. House. S1, 5–8 (2001)
You, X.W., Xia, Y.M.: Determination of nitrate content by redox titration. Ind. Miner. Processing. 4, 1–3 (2001)
Song, W.J., Yang, S.Z., Mou, B.Z.: Detection method of rubidium and cesium in salt lake brine. Inorg. Chem. Ind. 46, 55–58 (2014)
Deng, T.L., Meng, L.Z., Sun, B.: Metastable phase equilibria of the reciprocal quaternary system containing sodium, potassium, chloride, and borate ions at 308.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 53, 704–709 (2008)
Acknowledgements
Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21773170 and U1607123), the Key Projects of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (18JCZDJC10040), the Major Special Projects of Tibet Autonomous Region (XZ201801-GB-01) and the Yangtze Scholars and Innovative Research Team of the Chinese University (IRT_17R81) are acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, P., Sun, K., Hu, J. et al. Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibria of the Ternary System (CsNO3 + NH4NO3 + H2O) at (298.15 and 348.15) K and 101.325 kPa. J Solution Chem 49, 1373–1381 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-020-00999-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-020-00999-9