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Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Multiferroic GdMnO3 Nanoparticles

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Abstract

The structural, optical, and magnetic properties of multiferroic GdMnO3 nanoparticles synthesized by the modified sol–gel route have been investigated. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction along with Rietveld refinement confirm the pure phase of the GdMnO3 nanoparticles having an orthorhombic perovskite (space group: Pnma) type structure. The morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirms the stoichiometry of the composition. The room temperature UV-visible absorption spectrum using Tauc’s relation gives an optical band gap of ∼2.9 eV. A magnetization study of the GdMnO3 nanoparticles was performed over a temperature range of 2–300 K at an applied field of 0.05 T by using a vibrating sample magnetometer. An effective magnetic moment (μ eff) of ∼9.2μ B was obtained. The system is paramagnetic at room temperature and shows a ferromagnetic-like nature at 2 K as the applied magnetic field aligns the Gd moments and the contribution of the net moment of Gd spins is larger than that of the anti-ferromagnetically canted state of the Mn spins.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge UGC-DAE-CSR, Indore centre, India, for providing the XRD, Raman, and VSM facilities. P. Negi is also thankful to Dr. Alok Banerjee, Dr. V.G. Sathe, and Dr. Mukul Gupta for their valuable suggestions.

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  1. Department of Physics, G.B. Pant University of Ag. & Technology, 263145, Pantnagar, India

    P. Negi, G. Dixit, H. M. Agrawal & R. C. Srivastava

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  1. P. Negi
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  2. G. Dixit
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  3. H. M. Agrawal
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  4. R. C. Srivastava
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Correspondence to P. Negi.

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Negi, P., Dixit, G., Agrawal, H.M. et al. Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Multiferroic GdMnO3 Nanoparticles. J Supercond Nov Magn 26, 1611–1615 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-012-1870-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-012-1870-0

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