Abstract
In this study, an efficient simultaneous extraction-oxidation catalytic system for deep desulfurization of a model fuel was investigated. For this purpose, mono lacunary phosphomolybdate (PMo11) was synthesized. Then a series of PMo11 catalysts were supported on mesoporous silica material (KIT-6). Structural characterization of the catalysts was performed by various techniques such as SEM, TEM, FT-IR, FT-Raman, ICP, BET and XRD. The results of the XRD and SEM analysis showed that the synthesized PMo11 has a semi-crystalline structure. It was observed that the catalyst with 30% PMo11 loading had the most catalytic activity on dibenzothiophene and benzothiophene removal in the oxidative desulfurization process. In this catalytic system, various conditions such as temperature, oxidizing agent value, catalyst amount, and extractant solvent type were varied and their effect on the reaction was evaluated. Under optimal conditions, dibenzothiophene was eliminated up to over 92.5%. The catalyst could be recycled and reused four times without significant reduction in its catalytic activity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L. Yang, X. Li, A. Wang, R. Prins, Y. Chen, X. Duan, J. Catal. 330, 330 (2015)
B. Bertleff, J. Claußnitzer, W. Korth, P. Wasserscheid, A. Jess, J. Albert, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 5, 4110 (2017)
A. Gómez-Paricio, A. Santiago-Portillo, S. Navalón, P. Concepción, M. Alvaro, H. Garcia, Green Chem. 18, 508 (2016)
H. Lü, C. Deng, W. Ren, X. Yang, Fuel Process. Technol. 119, 87 (2014)
W. Jiang, D. Zheng, S. Xun, Y. Qin, Q. Lu, W. Zhu, H. Li, Fuel 190, 1 (2017)
F. Mirante, L. Dias, M. Silva, S.O. Ribeiro, M.C. Corvo, B. Castro, C.M. Granadeiro, S.S. Balula, Catal. Commun. 104, 1 (2018)
L.S. Nogueira, S. Ribeiro, C.M. Granadeiro, E. Pereira, G. Feio, L. Cunha-Silva, S.S. Balula, Dalton Trans. 42, 9518 (2014)
J. Wang, D. Zhao, K. Li, Energy Fuel 24, 2527 (2010)
X. Zhou, J. Li, X. Wang, K. Jin, W. Ma, Fuel Process. Technol. 90, 317 (2009)
M.A. Safa, T. Al-Shamary, R. Al-Majren, R. Bouresli, X. Ma, Energy Fuels 31, 7464 (2017)
A.D. Bokare, W. Choi, J. Hazard. Mater. 304, 313 (2016)
F. Banisharif, M.R. Dehghani, J.M. Campos-Martin, Oxid. Energy Fuels 31, 5419 (2017)
M. Craven, D. Xiao, C. Kunstmann-Olsen, E.F. Kozhevnikova, F. Blanc, A. Steiner, I.V. Kozhevnikov, Appl. Catal. B 231, 82 (2018)
R.D. Andrei, N. Cambruzzi, M. Bonne, B. Lebeau, V. Hulea, J. Porous Mater. 26, 533 (2019)
M. Craven, D. Xiao, C. Kunstmann-Olsen, E.F. Kozhevnikova, F. Blanc, A. Steiner, I.V. Kozhevnikov, Appl. Catal. B 231, 82 (2018)
F. Banisharif, M.R. Dehghani, M.C. Capel-Sánchez, J.M. Campos-Martin, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 56, 3839 (2017)
Y. Shiraishi, K. Tachibana, T. Hirai, I. Komasawa, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 41, 4362 (2002)
A.D. Giuseppe, M. Crucianelli, F. De Angelis, C. Crestini, R. Saladino, Appl. Catal. B 89, 239 (2009)
J.M. Brégeault, Dalton Trans. 0, 3389 (2003)
D. Yue, J. Lei, Z. Lina, G. Zhenran, X. Du, J. Li, Catal. Lett. 148, 1100 (2018)
B.N. Bhadra, J.Y. Song, N.A. Khan, S.H. Jhung, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9, 31192 (2017)
A.K. Dizaji, H.R. Mortaheb, B. Mokhtarani, Chem. Eng. J. 335, 362 (2018)
W. Zhu, B. Dai, P. Wu, Y. Chao, J. Xiong, S. Xun, H. Li, H. Li, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 3, 186 (2015)
D. Yue, J. Lei, Y. Peng, J. Li, X. Du, Fuel 2206, 148 (2018)
E. Torres-Garcia, A. Galano, G. Rodriguez-Gattorno, J. Catal. 282, 201–208 (2011)
M. Sadakane, E. Steckhan, Chem. Rev. 98, 219 (1998)
S. Roy, D. Mumbaraddi, A. Jain, S.J. George, S.C. Peter, Inorg. Chem. 57, 590 (2018)
M. Wu, Q.Q. Zhao, J. Li, X.L. Su, H.Y. Wu, X.X. Guan, X.C. Zheng, J. Porous Mater. 23, 1329 (2016)
N. Narkhede, S. Singh, A. Patel, Green Chem. 17, 89 (2015)
J. Yuan, J. Xiong, J. Wang, W. Ding, L. Yang, M. Zhang, W. Zhu, H. Li, J. Porous Mater. 23, 823 (2016)
N.C. Coronel, M.J. da Silva, Lacunar. J. Clust. Sci. 29, 195 (2018)
M. Li, J. Shen, X. Ge, X. Chen, Appl. Catal. A 206, 161 (2001)
M.J. da Silva, L.C. de Andrade, L.R. Natalino, S.O. Ferreira, N.C. Coronel, Catal. Lett. 148, 1202 (2018)
N. Narkhede, A. Patel, S. Singh, Dalton Trans. 43, 2512 (2014)
S. Pathan, A. Patel, Dalton Trans. 40, 348 (2011)
M. Rezaei, A.N. Chermahini, H.A. Dabbagh, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 5, 3529 (2017)
S. Pathan, A. Patel, Appl. Catal. A 459, 59 (2013)
T.A.G. Duarte, I.C.M.S. Santos, M.M.Q. Simoes, M. Graca, P.M.S. Neves, A.M.V. Cavaleiro, J.A.S. Cavaleiro, Catal. Lett. 144, 104 (2014)
H.M. Kao, P.C. Chang, Y.W. Liao, L.P. Lee, C.H. Chien, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 114, 352 (2008)
C.A. Emeis, J. Catal. 141, 347 (1993)
L.F. Ramı´rez, E. Torres, R. Go´mez, V. Gonza´lez, F. Murrieta, Catal. Today 98, 289 (2004)
J.L. Garcıa-Gutierrez, G.A. Fuentes, M.E. Hernandez-Teran, P. Garcıa, F. Murrieta-Guevara, F. Jime´nez-Cruz, Appl. Catal. A 334, 366 (2008)
Y. Gao, R. Gao, G. Zhang, Y. Zheng, J. Zhao, Fuel 224, 261 (2018)
D. Julião, A.C. Gomes, M. Pillinger, R. Valença, J.C. Ribeiro, B. de Castro, I.S. Gonçalves, L.C. Silva, S.S. Balula, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2016, 5114 (2016)
Z.E.A. Abdallaa, B. Li, A. Tufail, Colloids Surf. A 341, 86 (2009)
M.A. Rezvani, S. Khandan, N. Sabahi, Energy Fuels 31, 5472 (2017)
A. Khodadadi Dizaji, B. Mokhtarani, H.R. Mortahe, Fuel 236, 717 (2019)
A. Teimouri, M. Mahmoudsalehi, H. Salavati, Int. J Hydrogen Energy 43, 14816 (2018)
Z.E.A. Abdallaa, B. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 200–202, 113 (2012)
D. Yue, J. Lei, Z. Lina, G. Zhenran, X. Du, J. Li, J. Porous Mater. 26, 133 (2019)
D. Yue, J. Lei, Y. Peng, J. Li, X. Du, J. Porous Mater. 25, 727 (2019)
A. Moslemi, A.N. Chermahini, J.N. Sarpiri, S. Rezaei, M. Barati, J. Taiwan, Inst. Chem. E 97, 237 (2019)
Acknowledgements
This work was conducted through financial support by the Isfahan University of Technology (Research Council Grant) and the Iranian National Science Foundation (INSF, Grant Number 95813865).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Najafi Chermahini, A., Rafiee, M. & Shaybanizadeh, S. Lacunary phosphomolybdate PMo11 supported on mesoporous KIT-6 as catalyst for oxidative desulfurization of model diesel. J Porous Mater 26, 1691–1698 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-019-00770-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-019-00770-6