Abstract
Co1−2xNixMnxFe2−yNdyO4 (0.0 ≤ x = y ≤ 0.3) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by the citrate sol–gel route. All the products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and a vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM). The cubic structure of all the samples was confirmed by phase identification of XRD patterns, using Rietveld refinement. VSM analysis confirmed the soft ferromagnetic behavior of the synthesized products. The saturation (Ms) and remanent (Mr) magnetizations decreased with an increase in the amount of substitution elements. Compared with that of pure CoFe2O4 NPs, the coercive field (Hc) increased up to 890 Oe at x = y = 0.03. The squareness ratio was found to be in the 0.55–0.46 interval, indicating that the various synthesized NPs exhibit a single domain and uniaxial anisotropy. The effective magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant (Keff), magneton number \(({n_B})\), and anisotropy field (Ha) were also determined, and are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Q.A. Pankhrust, S.K. Connolly, J. Jones Doobson, Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine. J. Phys. D 36, 1–67 (2003)
Q. Chen, Z.J. Zhang, Size-dependent super paramagnetic properties of spinel ferrite nanocrystallites. Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3156 (1998)
E. Ranjith Kumar, R. Jayaprakash, R. Patel, Structural and morphological studies of manganese substituted CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles. Superlattices Microstruct. 62, 277–284 (2013)
E. RanjithKumar, A.S. Kamzin, K. Janani, Effect of annealing on particle size, microstructure and gas sensing properties of Mn substituted CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 417, 122–129 (2016)
L. Zhao, H. Yang, L. Yu, Y. Cui, X. Zhao, S. Feng, Magnetic properties of resubstituted Ni–Mn ferrite nanocrystallites. J. Mater. Sci. 42, 686–691 (2007)
M. Junaid, M.A. Khan, F. Iqbal, G. Murtaza, M.N. Akhtar, M. Ahmad, I. Shakir, M.F. Warsi, Structural, spectral, dielectric and magnetic properties of Tb–Dy doped Li-Ni nano-ferrites synthesized via micro-emulsion route. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 419, 338–344 (2016)
M.S. Shaha, K. Ali, I. Ali, A. Mahmood, S.M. Ramay, M.T. Farid, Structural and magnetic properties of praseodymium substituted barium based spinel ferrites. Mater. Res. Bull. 98, 77–82 (2018)
G. Bulai, L. Diamandescu, I. Dumitru, S. Gurlu, M. Feder, O.F. Caltun, Effect of rare earth substitution in cobalt ferrite bulk materials. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 390, 123–131 (2015)
B. Zhou, Y.-W. Zhang, C.-S. Liao, C.-H. Yan, L.-Y. Chen, S.-Y. Wang, Rare-earth-mediated magnetism and magneto-optical Kerr effects in nanocrystalline CoFeMn0.9RE0.1O4 thin films. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 280, 327 (2004)
N. Kasapoğlu, A. Baykal, Y. Köseoğlu, M.S. Toprak, Microwave-assisted combustion synthesis of CoFe2O4 with urea and its magnetic characterization. Scripta Mater. 57, 441–444 (2007)
A. Manikandan, R. Sridhar, S. Arul Antony, S. Ramakrishna, A simple aloe vera plant-extracted microwave and conventional combustion synthesis: morphological, optical and catalytic properties of magnetic CoFe2O4 nanostructures. J. Mol. Struct. 1076, 188–200 (2014)
S. Xavier, S. Thankachan, B.P. Jacob, E.M. Mohammed, Effect of samarium substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline cobalt ferrite, J. Nanosci. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/524380
M.N. Akhtar, M.A. Khan, Effect of rare earth doping on the structural and magnetic features of nanocrystalline spinel ferrites prepared via sol gel route. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 460, 268–277 (2018)
S.I. Ahmad, S.A. Ansari, D. Ravi Kumar, Structural, morphological, magnetic properties and cation distribution of Ce and Sm co-substituted nano crystalline cobalt ferrite. Mater. Chem. Phys. 208, 248–257 (2018)
S. Singhal, J. Singh, S.K. Barthwal, K. Chandra, Preparation and characterization of nanosize nickel-substituted cobalt ferrites (Co1–xNixFe2O4). J. Solid State Chem. 178, 3183–3189 (2005)
S. Joshi, M. Kumar, Effect of Ni2+ substitution on structural, magnetic, dielectric and optical properties of mixed spinel CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. Ceram. Int. 42, 18154–18165 (2016)
Y. Tang, X. Wang, Q. Zhang, Y. Li, H. Wang, Solvothermal synthesis of Co1–xNixFe2O4 nanoparticles and its application in ammonia vapors detection. Prog. Nat. Sci.: Mater. Int. 22, 53–58 (2012)
A. Kumar, P. Sharma, D. Varshney, Structural, vibrational and dielectric study of Ni doped spinel Co ferrites: Co1–xNixFe2O4 (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1). Ceram. Int. 40(0), 12855–12860 (2014)
A.B. Salunkhe, V.M. Khot, M.R. Phadatare, N.D. Thorat, R.S. Joshi, H.M. Yadav, S.H. Pawar, Low temperature combustion synthesis and magnetostructural properties of Co–Mn nanoferrites. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 352, 91–98 (2014)
S.P. Yadav, S.S. Shinde, P. Bhatt, S.S. Meena, K.Y. Rajpure, Distribution of cations in Co1–xMnxFe2O4 using XRD, magnetization and Mössbauer spectroscopy. J. Alloys Compd. 646, 550–556 (2015)
S.P. Yadav, S.S. Shinde, A.A. Kadam, K.Y. Rajpure, Structural, morphological, dielectrical, magnetic and impedance properties of Co1–xMnxFe2O4. J. Alloys Compd. 555, 330–334 (2013)
R.S. Yadav, J. Havlica, J. Masilko, L. Kalina, J. Wasserbauer, M. Hajdúchová, V. Enev, I. Kuřitka, Z. Kožáková, Impact of Nd3+ in CoFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles on cation distribution, structural and magnetic properties. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 399, 109–117 (2016)
L. Zhao, H. Yang, X. Zhao, L. Yu, Y. Cui, S. Feng, Magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 ferrite doped with rare earth ion. Mater. Lett. 60, 1–6 (2006)
L. Ben Tahar, M. Artus, S. Ammar, L.S. Smiri, F. Herbst, M.-J. Vaulay, V. Richard, J.-M. Grenèche, F. Villain, F. Fiévet, Magnetic properties of CoFe1.9RE0.1O4 nanoparticles (RE = La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho) prepared in polyol. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 3242–3250 (2008)
S.R. Bhongale, H.R. Ingawale, T.J. Shinde, P.N. Vasambekar, Effect of Nd3+ substitution on structural and magnetic properties of Mg–Cd ferrites synthesized by microwave sintering technique. J. Rare Earths 36, 390–397 (2018)
W.R. Agami, Effect of neodymium substitution on the electric and dielectric properties of Mn-Ni-Zn ferrite. Physica B 534, 17–21 (2018)
M.T. Farid, I. Ahmad, M. Kanwal, G. Murtaza, I. Ali, S.A. Khan, The role of praseodymium substituted ions on electrical and magnetic properties of Mg spinel ferrites. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 428, 136–143 (2017)
M. Tsvetkov, M. Milanova, I. Ivanova, D. Neov, Z. Cherkezova-Zheleva, J. Zaharieva, M. Abrashev, Phase composition and crystal structure determination of cobalt ferrite, modified with Ce, Nd and Dy ions by X-ray and neutron diffraction. J. Mol. Struct. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.07.083
R. Kumar, M. Kar, Correlation between lattice strain and magnetic behavior in non-magnetic Ca substituted nano-crystalline cobalt ferrite. Ceram. Int. 42, 6640–6647 (2016)
A. Silambarasu, A. Manikandan, K. Balakrishnan, S.K. Jaganathan, E. Manikandan, J. Sundeep Aanand, Comparative study of structural, morphological, magneto-optical and photo-catalytic properties of magnetically reusable spinel MnFe2O4 nano-catalysts. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 18, 3523–3531 (2018)
M.M.N. Ansari, S. Khan, N. Ahmad, Effect of R3+ (R = Pr, Nd, Eu and Gd) substitution on the structural, electrical, magnetic and optical properties of Mn-ferrite nanoparticles. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 465, 81–87 (2018)
E.C. Stoner, E.P. Wohlfarth, A mechanism of magnetic hysteresis in heterogeneous alloys. Philos Trans R Soc Am 240(826), 599–642 (1948)
M.A. Almessiere, Y. Slimani, A. Baykal, Exchange spring magnetic behavior of Sr0.3Ba0.4Pb0.3Fe12O19/(CuFe2O4)x nanocomposites fabricated by a one-pot citrate sol-gel combustion method. J. Alloys Compd. 762, 389–397 (2018)
Y. Slimani, H. Güngüneş, M. Nawaz, A. Manikandan, H.S. El Sayed, M.A. Almessiere, H. Sözeri, S.E. Shirsath, I. Ercan, A. Baykal, Magneto-optical and microstructural properties of spinel cubic copper ferrites with Li-Al co-substitution. Ceram. Int. 44, 14242–14250 (2018)
S.S. More, R.H. Kadam, A.B. Kadam, D.R. Mane, G.K. Bichile, Structural properties and magnetic interactions in Al3+ and Cr3+ co-substituted CoFe2O4 ferrite. Cent. Eur. J. Chem. 8, 419–425 (2010)
Z. Zi, Y. Sun, X. Zhu, Z. Yang, J. Dai, W. Song, Synthesis and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 321, 1251 (2009)
M.M. Rashad, R.M. Mohamed, H. El-Shall, Magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Sm-substituted CoFe2O4 synthesized by citrate precursor method. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 198, 139–146 (2008)
P.P. Hankare, U.B. Sankpal, R.P. Patil, I.S. Mulla, P.D. Lokhande, N.S. Gajbhiye, Synthesis and characterization of CoCrxFe2–xO4 nanoparticles. J. Alloys Compd. 485, 798–801 (2009)
M. Amir, H. Gungunes, Y. Slimani, N. Tashkandi, H.S. El Sayed, F. Aldakheel, M. Sertkol, H. Sozeri, A. Manikandan, I. Ercan, A. Baykal, Mossbauer studies and magnetic properties of cubic CuFe2O4 nanoparticles. J. Supercond. Nov. Magn. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-018-4733-5
J.M.D. Coey, Noncollinear spin arrangement in ultrafine ferrimagnetic crystallites. Phys. Rev. Lett. 27, 1140–1142 (1971)
S. Jauhar, S. Singhal, Substituted cobalt nano-ferrites, CoMxFe2–xO4 (M = Cr3+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+; 0.2 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) as heterogeneous catalysts for modified Fenton׳s reaction. Ceram. Int. 40, 11845–11855 (2014)
Z.K. Heiba, M.B. Mohamed, S.I. Ahmed, Cation distribution correlated with magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles defective by vanadium doping. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 441, 409–416 (2017)
M.A. Almessiere, Y. Slimani, A. Baykal, Structural and magnetic properties of Ce-doped strontium hexaferrite. Ceram. Int. 44, 9000–9008 (2018)
M.A. Almessiere, Y. Slimani, H.S. El Sayed, A. Baykal, Structural and magnetic properties of Ce-Y substituted strontium nanohexaferrites. Ceram. Int. 44, 12511–12519 (2018)
Y. Slimani, A. Baykal, M. Amir, N. Tashkandi, H. Güngüneş, S. Guner, H.S. El Sayed, F. Aldakheel, T.A. Saleh, A. Manikandan, Substitution effect of Cr3+ on hyperfine interactions, magnetic and optical properties of Sr-hexaferrites. Ceram. Int. 44, 15995–16004 (2018)
A.D. Korkmaz, S. Güner, Y. Slimani, H. Gungunes, M. Amir, A. Manikandan, A. Baykal, Microstructural, optical and magnetic properties of vanadium substituted nickel spinel nano-ferrites. J. Supercond. Nov. Magn. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-018-4793-6
M.A. Almessiere, Y. Slimani, A. Baykal, Structural, morphological and magnetic properties of hard/soft SrFe12–xVxO19/(Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4)y nanocomposites: effect of vanadium substitution. J. Alloys Compd. 767, 966–975 (2018)
S.E. Shirsath, B.G. Toshka, R.H. Kadam, S.M. Patange, D.R. Mane, G.S. Jangam, A. Ghasemi, Doping effect of Mn2+ on the magnetic behavior in Ni–Zn ferrite nanoparticles prepared by sol–gel auto-combustion. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 71, 1669–1675 (2010)
M.H. Shams, A.S. Rozatian, M.H. Yousefi, J. Valícek, V. Sepelak, Effect of Mg2+ and Ti4+ dopants on the structural, magnetic and high-frequency ferromagnetic properties of barium hexaferrite. J. Magn. Magn. Mater 399, 10–18 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Almessiere, M.A., Slimani, Y., Ali, S. et al. Nd3+ Ion-Substituted Co1−2xNixMnxFe2−yNdyO4 Nanoparticles: Structural, Morphological, and Magnetic Investigations. J Inorg Organomet Polym 29, 783–791 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-018-1052-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-018-1052-z