Abstract
A rational choice theory approach was used to analyze the offense behavior of serial sex offenders. Qualitative data were obtained through the descriptions of the crimes provided by 69 serial sex offenders who were incarcerated in a Correctional Service of Canada institution. Based on the offenders’ accounts, a descriptive model specific to the hunting process was identified. This model contained the following nine phases: offender and victim routine activities, choice of hunting ground, victim selection, method of approach, attack location choice, method to bring the victim to the crime site, crime location choice, method to commit the crime, and the victim release location choice. The model is discussed according to existing research on serial sex offenders and environmental criminology. Implications for clinical practice, crime prevention, offender profiling, and future studies are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alston, J. D. (1994). The serial rapist’s pattern of target selection. Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology. Miami, Florida.
Beauregard, E., Lussier, P., & Proulx, J. (2005a). The role of sexual interests and situational factors on rapists’ modus operandi: Implications for offender profiling. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 10, 265–278.
Beauregard, E., Proulx, J., & Rossmo, K. (2005b). Spatial patterns of sex offenders: Theoretical, empirical, and practical issues. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 10, 579–605.
Bennett, T., & Wright, R. (1984). Burglars on burglary: Prevention and the offender. Aldershot: Gower.
Brantingham, P. J., & Brantingham, P. L. (1978). A theoretical model of crime site selection. In M. Krohn & R. Akers (Eds.), Crime, law, and sanctions (pp. 105–118). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publication.
Brantingham, P. J., & Brantingham, P. L. (1984). Patterns in crime. New York: MacMillan.
Brantingham, P. L., & Brantingham, P. J. (1993). Environment, routine and situation: Toward a pattern theory of crime. In R. V. Clarke & M. Felson (Eds.), Routine activity and rational choice (pp. 259–294). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Brantingham, P. L., & Brantingham, P. J. (1995). Criminality of place: Crime generators and crime attractors. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research: Crime Environments and Situational Prevention, 3, 5–26.
Carroll, J., & Weaver, F. (1986). Shoplifters’ perceptions of crime opportunities: A process-tracing study. In D. B. Cornish & R. V. Clarke (Eds.), The reasoning criminal: Rational choice perspectives on offending (pp. 19–38). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Clark, A. N. (1990). The new Penguin dictionary of geography. London: Penguin Books.
Clarke, R. V., & Cornish, D. B. (1985). Modeling offenders’ decisions: A framework for policy and research. In M. Tonry & N. Morris (Eds.), Crime and justice: An annual review of research, 16. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Cornish, D. B. (1993). Theories of action in criminology: Learning theory and rational choice approaches. In R. V. Clarke & M. Felson (Eds.), Routine activity and rational choice (pp. 351–382). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Cornish, D. B. (1994). Crimes as scripts. Proceedings of the international seminar on environmental criminology and crime analysis. University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida: Florida Criminal Justice Executive Institute.
Cornish, D. B., & Clarke, R. V. (1986). Introduction. In D. B. Cornish & R. V. Clarke (Eds.), The reasoning criminal: Rational choice perspectives on offending. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Cromwell, P., Olson, J., & Avary, D’A. W. (1991). Breaking and entering: An ethnographic analysis of burglary. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Cromwell, P., Parker, L., & Mobley, S. (1999). The five-finger discount: An analysis of motivations for shoplifting. In P. Cromwell (Ed), In their own words: Criminals on crime, an anthology, (2nd edition, pp. 57–70). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Davies, A., & Dale, A. (1995). Locating the stranger rapist (Special Interest Series: Paper 3). London: Police Research Group, Home Office Police Department.
Feeney, F. (1986). Robbers as decision-makers. In D. B. Cornish & R. V. Clarke (Eds.), The reasoning criminal: Rational choice perspectives on offending (pp. 53–71). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Felson, M. (1998). Crime and everyday life (2nd ed.). Thousand Oakes: Pine Forge Press.
Fisher, W. S. (1980). Predicting injury to rape victims. In B. R. Price & P. J. Baunach (Eds.), Criminal justice research: New models and findings (chapter 3). London: Sage.
Fleming, Z. (1999). The thrill of it all: Youthful offenders and auto theft. In P. Cromwell (Ed), In their own words: Criminals on crime, an anthology (2nd ed., pp. 71–79). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Groth, A. N., Burgess, A. W., & Holmstrom, L. L. (1977). Rape: Power, anger and sexuality. American Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 1239–1243.
Hazelwood, R. R., & Burgess, A. W. (1987). An introduction to the serial rapist. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 56, 16–24.
Hazelwood, R. R., Reboussin, R., & Warren, J. L. (1989). Serial rape: Correlates of increased aggression and the relationship of offender pleasure to victim resistance. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 4, 65–78.
Hazelwood, R. R., & Warren, J. L. (1989). The serial rapist: His characteristics and victims. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 2, 19–25.
Hazelwood, R. R., & Warren, J. L. (1990). The criminal behavior of the serial rapist. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 59, 11–16.
Keppel, R. D. (2000). Investigation of the serial offender: Linking cases through modus operandi and signature. In L. B. Schlesinger (Ed.), Serial offenders: Current thoughts, recent findings (pp. 121–133). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.
Knight, R. A., & Prentky, R. A. (1990). Classifying sexual offenders: The development and corroboration of taxonomic models. In W. L. Marshall, D. R. Laws, & H. E. Barbaree (Eds.), Handbook of sexual assault: Issues, theories, and treatment of the offender (pp. 23–52). New York: Plenum Press.
Lebeau, J. L. (1987). The journey to rape: Geographic distance and the rapist’s method of approaching the victim. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 15, 129–136.
Leclerc, B., Proulx, J., & McKibben, A. (2005). Modus operandi of sexual offenders working or doing voluntary work with children and adolescents. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 11, 187–195.
Lofland, J., & Lofland, L. (1984). Analyzing social settings: A guide to qualitative observation and analysis. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Meier, R. F., Kennedy, L. W., & Sacco, V. F. (2001). Crime and the criminal event perspective. In R. F. Meier, L. W. Kennedy, & V. F. Sacco (Eds.), The process and structure of crime: Criminal events and crime analysis (pp. 1–27). New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.
Newton, M. (1992). Serial slaughter: What’s behind America’s murder epidemic? Port Townsend, WA: Loompanics Unlimited.
Ouimet, M., & Proulx, J. (1994). Spatial and temporal behavior of pedophiles: Their clinical usefulness as to the relapse prevention model. Paper presented at the Meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Miami, Florida.
Petrosino, A., & Brensilber, D. (2003). The motives, methods and decision making of convenience store robbers: Interviews with 28 incarcerated offenders in Massachusetts. In M. J. Smith & D. B. Cornish (Eds.), Theory for practice in situational crime prevention, crime prevention studies, vol 16 (pp. 237–263).
Pithers, W. D. (1990). Relapse prevention with sexual aggressors: A method for maintaining therapeutic gain and enhancing external supervision. In W. L. Marshall, D. R. Laws, & H. E. Barbaree (Eds.), Handbook of sexual assault: Issues, theories, and treatment of the offender (pp. 257–275). New York: Plenum.
Polaschek, D. L. L., Hudson, S. M., Ward, T., & Siegert, R. J. (2001). Rapists’ offense processes: A preliminary descriptive model. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16, 523–544.
Proulx, J., St-Yves, M., Guay, J.-P., & Ouimet, M. (1999). Les agresseurs sexuels de femmes: Scénarios délictuels et troubles de la personnalité. In J. Proulx, M. Cusson, & M. Ouimet (Eds.), Les violences criminelles (pp. 157–185). Saint-Nicholas, QC: Les Presses de l’Université Laval.
Rengert, G., & Wasilchick, J. (1985). Suburban burglary: A time and a place for everything. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
Rossmo, D. K. (1997). Geographic profiling. In J. L. Jackson & D. A. Bekerian (Eds.), Offender profiling : Theory, research and practice (pp. 159–175). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
Rossmo, D. K. (2000). Geographic profiling. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Stevens, D. J. (1998). Inside the mind of a serial rapist. Bethesda, MD: Austin & Winfield Publishers.
Walsh, D. (1986). Victim selection procedures among economic criminals: The rational choice perspective. In D. B. Cornish & R. V. Clarke (Eds.), The reasoning criminal: Rational choice perspectives on offending (pp. 39–52). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Ward, T., & Hudson, S. M. (1998). The construction and development of theory in the sexual offending area: A metatheoretical framework. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 10, 47–63.
Ward, T., Louden, K., Hudson, S. M., & Marshall, W. L. (1995). A descriptive model of the offense chain for child molesters. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10, 452–472.
Warren, J., Reboussin, R., Hazelwood, R. R., Gibbs, N. A., Trumbetta, S. L., & Cummings, A. (1999). Crime scene analysis and the escalation of violence in serial rape. Forensic Science International, 100, 37–56.
West, D., & Farrington, D. (1977). The delinquent way of life. London: Heine-mann.
Wright, R., & Bennett, T. (1990). Exploring the offender’s perspective: Observing and interviewing criminals. In K. L. Kempf (Ed.), Measurement issues in criminology (pp. 138–151). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Wright, R., & Decker, S. (1994). Burglars on the job: Streetlife and residential break-ins. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
Wright, R., & Decker, S. (1997). Armed robbers in action: Stickups and street culture. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
Wright, R., & Logie, R. (1988). How young house burglars choose targets. Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 27, 92–104.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Beauregard, E., Rossmo, D.K. & Proulx, J. A Descriptive Model of the Hunting Process of Serial Sex Offenders: A Rational Choice Perspective. J Fam Viol 22, 449–463 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-007-9101-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-007-9101-3