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The impact of obesity on pulmonary deterioration in patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy

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Abstract

Obesity affects respiratory and hemodynamic function in anesthetized patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the body mass index (BMI) on pulmonary changes in a permanent 45° steep Trendelenburg position (STP) during robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). 51 patients undergoing RALP under standardized anesthesia were included. Perioperative pulmonary function and oxygenation were measured in awake patients (T0), 20 min after the induction of anesthesia (T1), after insufflation of the abdomen in supine position (T2), after 30 min in STP (T3), when controlling Santorini’s plexus in STP (T4), before awakening while supine (T5), and after 45 min in the recovery room (T6). Patient-specific and time-dependent factor on ventilation and predicted peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), driving pressure (Pdriv) and lung compliance (LC) in a linear regression model were calculated. PIP and Pdriv increased significantly after induction of capnoperitoneum (T2–4) (p < 0.0001). In univariate mixed effects models, BMI was found to be a significant predictor for PIP and Pdriv increase and LC decrease. Obese patients a BMI > 31 kg/m2 reached critical PIP values ≥ 35 cmH2O. Postoperative oxygenation represented by the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was significantly decreased compared to T0 (p < 0.0001). Obesity in combination with STP and capnoperitoneum during RALP has a profound effect on pulmonary function. Increased PIP and Pdriv and decreased LC are directly correlated with a high BMI. Changes in PIP, Pdriv and LC during RALP may be predicted in relation to patient’s BMI for consideration in the preoperative setting. Trial registration number Z-2014-0387-6. Registered on 8 July 2014.

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Abbreviations

ASA:

American Society of Anesthesia

BE:

Base excess

BMI:

Body mass index

etCO2 :

End tidal CO2

FiO2 :

Inspiratory fraction of oxygen

LC:

Lung compliance

MAP:

Mean arterial blood pressure

MV:

Minute ventilation

PaCO2 :

Partial arterial carbon dioxide fraction

PaO2 :

Partial arterial oxygen fraction

Pdriv :

Driving pressure

PEEP:

Positive end-expiratory pressure

PIP:

Peak inspiratory pressure

RALP:

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy

STP:

Steep Trendelenburg position

TIVA:

Total intravenous anesthesia

TOF:

Train-of-four

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Availability of data and material

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Sebastian Blecha & Timo Seyfried

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuter Str. 65, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Marion Harth & Michael T. Pawlik

  3. Centre for Clinical Studies, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Florian Zeman

  4. Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Matthias Lubnow

  5. Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Landshuter Str. 65, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Maximilian Burger & Stefan Denzinger

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  1. Sebastian Blecha
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Contributions

SB: Ethics approval, study design, data collection and analysis, drafted the manuscript and reviewed it for important intellectual content; MH: Idea for study, study design, patient recruitment, data collection and finally reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content; FZ: Data analysis and interpretation, finally reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content; TS: Made acquisitions, interpret data and finally reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content; ML: Made acquisitions, interpret data and finally reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content; MB: Made acquisitions, interpret data and finally reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content; SD: Made acquisitions and interpret of data and finally reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content; MP: Idea for study, study design, data collection and interpretation, patient recruitment and finally reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sebastian Blecha.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declares that they have no competing interest in relation to this paper.

Ethics approval

This study was approved by the local institutional review board of the University of Regensburg (Protocol No. 14-101-0107) and registered at the local Center for Clinical Studies (Z-2014-0387-6. Registered on 8 July 2014).

Informed consent

After detailed explanation, written informed consent was obtained from 51 patients scheduled for elective prostatectomy at the Department of Urology in Regensburg.

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Blecha, S., Harth, M., Zeman, F. et al. The impact of obesity on pulmonary deterioration in patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. J Clin Monit Comput 33, 133–143 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-018-0142-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-018-0142-3

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