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Benign Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles Containing Red Algae Extract: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Anticoagulant Activity

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Abstract

Eco-friendly synthesis of Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs) was assessed by the aqueous extract of red algae and their utilization as cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anticoagulant, antibacterial, and anti-cancer properties. UV–vis, SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDAX, XRD, and TGA are tools used for characterization purposes. The size of the Co3O4NPs crystal of 28.2 ± 7.8 nm was measured based on the X-ray diffraction analysis. Biosynthesized Co3O4NPs showed uniform spherical morphology with an average diameter of 29.8 ± 8.6 nm according to TEM and SEM images. Furthermore, Co3O4NPs biological properties such as determination of the antibacterial properties of Co3O4NPs by the zone of inhibition method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined using a dilution broth agar test. Co3O4NPs indicated higher antibacterial than oxytetracycline standard antibiotics. On the other hand, a scavenging free radical DPPH study was done to determine the propensity for antioxidants that showed a similar capacity for antioxidants in Co3O4NPs. The biosynthesized Co3O4NPs are effective erythrocyte viability dose-dependently and indicated this method was nontoxic. Moreover, bioinspired Co3O4NPs has promising results against HepG2 cancer cells (IC50: 41.4 μg/ml). Most notably, biogenic Co3O4NPs have anticoagulant and thrombolytic activities by the addition of nanoparticles to human blood samples under practical conditions. According to these context findings, Co3O4NPs would be used as a medicinal aid along with its anti-cytotoxic, antioxidant, and effects on bacteria, and cancer.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2020/149), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

This research was funded by the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2020/149), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Jamaan S. Ajarem & Saleh N. Maodaa

  2. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 65211, Egypt

    Ahmed A. Allam

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt

    Mohamed M. Taher

  4. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

    Mohamed Khalaf

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  1. Jamaan S. Ajarem
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  2. Saleh N. Maodaa
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  4. Mohamed M. Taher
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Correspondence to Mohamed M. Taher.

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Ajarem, J.S., Maodaa, S.N., Allam, A.A. et al. Benign Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles Containing Red Algae Extract: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Anticoagulant Activity. J Clust Sci 33, 717–728 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-021-02004-9

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