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Effects of warming on microbial communities in the coastal waters of temperate and subtropical zones in the Northern Hemisphere, with a focus on Gammaproteobacteria

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Abstract

We examined the effect of warming on microbes in coastal waters in temperate and subtropical zones, Suruga Bay in Japan and Ha Long Bay in Viet Nam, respectively. Incubation of intact communities (500 mL each) at temperatures three or five degrees higher than the in-situ temperatures enhanced both the abundance and growth rate of prokaryotes. We also conducted size fractionation and dilution experiments to elucidate whether this behavior was the result of an increased rate of reproduction (“bottom-up” effect) or reduced mortality (“top-down” effect). For two of the five cases analyzed, enhancement of the growth rate could be ascribed to the bottom-up effect of the warming. For two other cases it could be ascribed to the top-down effect, irrespective of whether or not warming enhanced the bottom-up effect. The effect of warming was not clearly apparent for prokaryotes of subtropical coastal waters, where the in-situ temperature was nearly 30 °C. Among the prokaryotes, Gammaproteobacteria tended to predominate as a result of warming. These results suggest that warming may affect microbial growth even in subtropical coastal waters in some seasons and that the response of Gammaproteobacteria to warming of temperate and subtropical coastal waters is among the most rapid.

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Acknowledgments

We thank editors and two anonymous reviewers for their careful reading the manuscript. This study was supported by the Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University; Special Research Fund for Future Program of Shizuoka University, Japan; and project VAST03.06/13-14, Viet Nam. We thank all laboratory members for their assistance in sampling and in conducting the experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Oya, Suruga-ward, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan

    Dao Thi Anh Tuyet & Kenji Kato

  2. Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Oya, Suruga-ward, Shziuoka, 422-8529, Japan

    Toshinari Tanaka, Rumi Sohrin, Kazuyo Nagaosa & Kenji Kato

  3. Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, No 246 Da Nang street, Ngo Quyen District, Hai Phong, Vietnam

    Dao Thi Anh Tuyet & Do Manh Hao

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  1. Dao Thi Anh Tuyet
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  2. Toshinari Tanaka
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Correspondence to Kenji Kato.

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Tuyet, D.T.A., Tanaka, T., Sohrin, R. et al. Effects of warming on microbial communities in the coastal waters of temperate and subtropical zones in the Northern Hemisphere, with a focus on Gammaproteobacteria . J Oceanogr 71, 91–103 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-014-0264-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-014-0264-2

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