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The effectiveness of a motivational interviewing primary-care based intervention on physical activity and predictors of change in a disadvantaged community

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Abstract

Little research exists on the impact of behavior change interventions in disadvantaged communities. We conducted a prospective study to explore the effectiveness of motivational interviewing on physical activity change within a deprived community and the social- psychological and motivational predictors of change in physical activity including stage of change, self-efficacy, social support, and variables from self-determination theory and the theory of planned behavior. Five motivational interviewing counsellors recruited 207 patients and offered motivational interviewing sessions to support physical activity behavior change. At 6-months there were significant improvements in physical activity, stage of change, and social support. A dose–response relationship was evident; those who attended 2 or more consultations increased their total physical activity, stage of change and family social support more than those who attended just one. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that number of sessions and change in stage of change predicted 28.4 % of the variance in change in total physical activity and, with social support from friends, 21.0 % of the variance in change walking time. Change in perceived behavioral control and attitudes, friend social support, and number of sessions predicted 16.8 % of the variance in change in vigorous physical activity. Motivational interviewing is an effective approach for promoting physical activity amongst lower socio-economic status groups in the short term. The study demonstrates good translational efficacy, and contributes to a limited number of physical activity interventions targeting low income groups in the UK.

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Notes

  1. It is important to acknowledge that it is possible that General Practitioners may have provided some information on reasons for change during the course of their consultations with the patients prior to referral. However, this information provision would have been informal and the decision to access the lifestyle change facilitation service would be the decision of the patient. It is unlikely that the informal information given at the General Practitioner referral stage would have any lasting effect next to the more formal, intensive, focused, and systematic intervention approach used in the motivational interviewing session. The process of referral from the healthcare professional is an integral part of many one-to-one counselling approaches to behaviour change, such as motivational interviewing. The method followed in the current study therefore represents an authentic referral-intervention approach.

  2. This is a conservative estimate given that 34 participants did not report their income and returned a ‘prefer not to say’ response. Taking the latter into consideration, it is likely that the percentage classified with an income would be higher.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Hastings and Rother Primary Care Trust who provided the funding to support the study, the healthcare professionals who recruited patients, the lifestyle change facilitators, and the patients who volunteered to take part in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chelsea School, University of Brighton, Denton Road, Eastbourne, East Sussex, BN20 7SP, UK

    Sarah Hardcastle

  2. Hastings and Rother Primary Care Trust, East Sussex, UK

    Nicola Blake

  3. School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia

    Martin S. Hagger

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  1. Sarah Hardcastle
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Correspondence to Sarah Hardcastle.

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Hardcastle, S., Blake, N. & Hagger, M.S. The effectiveness of a motivational interviewing primary-care based intervention on physical activity and predictors of change in a disadvantaged community. J Behav Med 35, 318–333 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-012-9417-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-012-9417-1

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