Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Soy isoflavones and cellular mechanics

  • Mini-Review
  • Published:
Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Soy isoflavones are diphenolic compounds that are frequently used for alternative treatment of ageing symptoms in both genders. They operate at principally two hierarchical levels of functional organization – cellular and molecular, while these ‘types’ of action appear to have indefinite borders. Soy isoflavone action at the cellular level involves inter alia the effects on cell mechanics. This epigenetic and modular determinant of cell function and fate is defined by: the anchorage to extracellular matrix (ECM) and neighboring cells, cytoskeleton organization, membrane tension and vesicle trafficking. Soy isoflavones have been reported to: (i) generally fashion an inert cell phenotype in some cancers and enhance the cell anchorage in connective tissues, via the effects on ECM proteins, focal adhesion kinases-mediated events and matrix metalloproteinases inhibition; (ii) affect cytoskeleton integrity, the effects being related to Ca2+ ions fluxes and involving cell retraction or differentiation/proliferation-related variations in mechanical status; (iii) increase, remain “silent” or decrease membrane tension/fluidity, which depends on polarity and a number and arrangement of functional groups in applied isoflavone; (iv) provoke inhibitory effects on vesicle trafficking and exo-/endocytosis, which are usually followed by changed cell morphology. Here we present and discuss the abundance of effects arising from cells’ “encounter” with soy isoflavones, focusing on different morphofunctional definers of cell mechanics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aalinkeel R, Hu Z, Nair BB, Sykes DE, Reynolds JL, Mahajan SD et al (2010) Genomic analysis highlights the role of the JAK-STAT signaling in the anti-proliferative effects of dietary flavonoid-‘Ashwagandha’ in prostate cancer cells. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med/eCAM 7(2):177–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adlercreutz H, Mazur W (1997) Phyto-oestrogens and Western Diseases. Ann Med 29(2):95–120

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ajdžanović V, Šošić-Jurjević B, Filipović B, Trifunović S, Brkić D, Sekulić M et al (2009) Genistein affects the morphology of pituitary ACTH cells and decreases circulating levels of ACTH and corticosterone in middle-aged male rats. Biol Res 42(1):13–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Ajdžanović V, Spasojević I, Filipović B, Šošić-Jurjević B, Sekulić M, Milošević V (2010) Effects of genistein and daidzein on erythrocyte membrane fluidity: an electron paramagnetic resonance study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 88(4):497–500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajdžanović V, Spasojević I, Šošić-Jurjević B, Filipović B, Trifunović S, Sekulić M et al (2011a) The negative effect of soy extract on erythrocyte membrane fluidity: an electron paramagnetic resonance study. J Membr Biol 239(3):131–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajdžanović V, Šošić-Jurjević B, Filipović B, Trifunović S, Milošević V (2011b) Daidzein effects on ACTH cells: immunohistomorphometric and hormonal study in an animal model of the andropause. Histol Histopathol 26(10):1257–1264

    Google Scholar 

  • Ajdžanović V, Milošević V, Spasojević I (2012) Glucocorticoid excess and disturbed hemodynamics in advanced age: the extent to which soy isoflavones may be beneficial. Gen Physiol Biophys 31(4):367–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajdžanović V, Mojić M, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Bulatović M, Mijatović S, Milošević V et al (2013) Membrane fluidity, invasiveness and dynamic phenotype of metastatic prostate cancer cells after treatment with soy isoflavones. J Membr Biol 246(4):307–314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akiyama T, Ishida J, Nakagawa S, Ogawara H, Watanabe S, Itoh N et al (1987) Genistein, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine-specific protein kinases. J Biol Chem 262(12):5592–5595

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andres S, Abraham K, Appel KE, Lampen A (2011) Risks and benefits of dietary isoflavones for cancer. Crit Rev Toxicol 41(6):463–506

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arora A, Byrem TM, Nair MG, Strasburg GM (2000) Modulation of liposomal membrane fluidity by flavonoids and isoflavonoids. Arch Biochem Biophys 373(1):102–109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asnacios A, Hamant O (2012) The mechanics behind cell polarity. Trends Cell Biol. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2012.08.005

    Google Scholar 

  • Azios NG, Dharmawardhane SF (2005) Role of soy phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein in focal adhesion assembly and focal adhesion kinase activity in breast cancer cells. In: Li JJ, Li SA, Llombart-Bosch A (eds) Hormonal carcinogenesis IV. Springer Science + Business Media, Inc., New York, USA, pp 300–308

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes S (2010) The biochemistry, chemistry and physiology of the isoflavones in soybeans and their food products. Lymphat Res Biol 8(1):89–98

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beck V, Rohr U, Jungbauer A (2005) Phytoestrogens derived from red clover: an alternative to estrogen replacement therapy? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 94(5):499–518

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bershadsky AD, Balaban NQ, Geiger B (2003) Adhesion-dependent cell mechanosensitivity. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 19:677–695

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown AEX, Discher DE (2009) Conformational changes and signaling in cell and matrix physics. Curr Biol 19(17):R781–R789

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casini ML, Marelli G, Papaleo E, Ferrari A, D’Ambrosio F, Unfer V (2006) Psychological assessment of the effects of treatment with phytoestrogens on postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study. Fertil Steril 85(4):972–978

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen JW, Zhu ZQ, Hu TX, Zhu DY (2002) Structure-activity relationship of natural flavonoids in hydroxyl-radical scavenging effects. Acta Pharmacol Sin 23(7):667–672

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choi EM, Suh KS, Kim YS, Choue RW, Koo SJ (2001) Soybean ethanol extract increases the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Phytochemistry 56(7):733–739

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Divi RL, Chang HC, Doerge DR (1997) Anti-thyroid isoflavones from soybean: isolation, characterization, and mechanisms of action. Biochem Pharmacol 54(10):1087–1096

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon RA, Ferreira D (2002) Genistein. Phytochemistry 60(3):205–211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • dos Santos T, Varela J, Lynch I, Salvati A, Dawson KA (2011) Effects of transport inhibitors on the cellular uptake of carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles in different cell lines. PLoS ONE 6(9):e24438

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duluc L, Soleti R, Clere N, Andriantsitohaina R, Simard G (2012) Mitochondria as potential targets of flavonoids: focus on adipocytes and endothelial cells. Curr Med Chem 19(26):4462–4474

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fletcher DA, Dyche Mullins R (2010) Cell mechanics and the cytoskeleton. Nature 463(7280):485–492

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gopaul R, Knaggs HE, Lephart ED (2012) Biochemical investigation and gene analysis of equol: a plant and soy-derived isoflavonoid with antiaging and antioxidative properties with potential human skin applications. Biofactors 38(1):44–52

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gu Y, Zhu CF, Dai YL, Zhong Q, Sun B (2009) Inhibitory effects of genistein on metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 15(39):4952–4957

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirvonen J, Rajalin AM, Wohlfahrt G, Adlercreutz H, Wähälä K, Aarnisalo P (2011) Transcriptional activity of estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is stimulated by the phytoestrogen equol. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 123(1–2):46–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang X, Chen S, Xu L, Liu Y, Deb DK, Platanias LC et al (2005) Genistein inhibits p38 map kinase activation, matrix metalloproteinase type 2, and cell invasion in human prostate epithelial cells. Cancer Res 65(8):3470–3478

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kajiya H, Okabe K, Okamoto F, Tsuzuki T, Soeda H (2000) Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors increase cytosolic calcium and inhibit actin organization as resorbing activity in rat osteoclasts. J Cell Physiol 183(1):83–90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalaiselvan V, Kalaivani M, Vijayakumar A, Sureshkumar K, Venkateskumar K (2010) Current knowledge and future direction of research on soy isoflavones as a therapeutic agents. Pharmacogn Rev 4(8):111–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kampa M, Papakonstanti EA, Hatzoglou A, Stathopoulos EN, Stournaras C, Castanas E (2002) The human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP bears functional membrane testosterone receptors, which increase PSA secretion and modify actin cytoskeleton. FASEB J 16(11):1429–1431

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kousidou OC, Mitropoulou TN, Roussidis AE, Kletsas D, Theocharis AD, Karamanos NK (2005) Genistein suppresses the invasive potential of human breast cancer cells through transcriptional regulation of metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors. Int J Oncol 26(4):1101–1109

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kruk I, Aboul-Enein HY, Michalska T, Lichszteld K, Kladna A (2005) Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by the plant phenols genistein and oleuropein. Luminescence 20(2):81–89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuiper GG, Carlsson B, Grandien K, Enmark E, Haggblad J, Nilsson S et al (1997) Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Endocrinology 138(3):863–870

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuzdzal M, Wesolowska O, Strancar J, Michalak K (2011) Fluorescence and ESR spectroscopy studies on the interaction of isoflavone genistein with biological and model membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 164(4):283–291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lakshman M, Xu L, Ananthanarayanan V, Cooper J, Takimoto CH, Helenowski I et al (2008) Dietary genistein inhibits metastasis of human prostate cancer in mice. Cancer Res 68(6):2024–2032

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann L, Esch HL, Wagner J, Rohnstock L, Metzler M (2005) Estrogenic and genotoxic potential of equol and two hydroxylated metabolites of Daidzein in cultured human Ishikawa cells. Toxicol Lett 158(1):72–86

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levayer R, Lecuit T (2012) Biomechanical regulation of contractility: spatial control and dynamics. Trends Cell Biol 22(2):61–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Kucuk O, Hussain M, Abrams J, Cher ML, Sarkar FH (2006) Antitumor and antimetastatic activities of docetaxel are enhanced by genistein through regulation of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (RANK)/RANK ligand/MMP-9 signaling in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 66(9):4816–4825

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Kong D, Bao B, Ahmad A, Sarkar FH (2011a) Induction of cancer cell death by isoflavone: the role of multiple signaling pathways. Nutrients 3(10):877–896

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li HY, Liao CY, Lee KH, Chang HC, Chen YJ, Chao KC et al (2011b) Collagen IV significantly enhances migration of embryonic stem cells: involvement of α2β1 integrin-mediated remodeling. Cell Transplant 20(6):893–907

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liew R, MacLeod KT, Collins P (2003) Novel stimulatory actions of the phytoestrogen genistein: effects on the gain of cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. FASEB J 17(10):1307–1319

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Kyle E, Lieberman R, Crowell J, Kelloff G, Bergan RC (2000) Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation is not required for genistein-induced FAK-β-1-integrin complex formation. Clin Exp Metastasis 18(3):203–212

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu D, Zhen W, Yang Z, Carter JD, Si H, Reynolds KA (2006) Genistein acutely stimulates insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells through a cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway. Diabetes 55(4):1043–1050

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu M, Yanagihara N, Toyohira Y, Tsutsui M, Ueno S, Shinohara Y (2007) Dual effects of daidzein, a soy isoflavone, on catecholamine synthesis and secretion in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells. Endocrinology 148(11):5348–5354

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maxfield FR, Tabas I (2005) Role of cholesterol and lipid organization in disease. Nature 438(7068):612–621

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mentor-Marcel R, Lamartiniere CA, Eltoum IA, Greenberg NM, Elgavish A (1995) Dietary genistein improves survival and reduces expression of osteopontin in the prostate of transgenic mice with prostatic adenocarcinoma (TRAMP). J Nutr 135(5):989–995

    Google Scholar 

  • Messina M (2010) Insights gained from 20 years of soy research. J Nutr 140(12):2289S–2295S

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Messina M, Ho S, Alekel DL (2010) Skeletal benefits of soy isoflavones: a review of the clinical trial and epidemiologic data. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 7(6):649–658

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mezei O, Banz WJ, Steger RW, Peluso MR, Winters TA, Shay N (2003) Soy isoflavones exert antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects through the PPAR pathways in obese Zucker rats and murine RAW 264.7 cells. J Nutr 133(5):1238–1243

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milenkovic D, Deval C, Gouranton E, Landrier JF, Scalbert A, Morand C et al (2012) Modulation of miRNA expression by dietary polyphenols in apoE deficient mice: a new mechanism of the action of polyphenols. PLoS ONE 7(1):e29837

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milošević V, Ajdžanović V, Šošić-Jurjević B, Filipović B, Brkić M, Nestorović N et al (2009) Morphofunctional characteristics of ACTH cells in middle-aged male rats after treatment with genistein. Gen Physiol Biophys 28(1):94–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris C, Thorpe J, Ambrosio L, Santin M (2006) The soybean isoflavone genistein induces differentiation of MG63 human osteosarcoma osteoblasts. J Nutr 136(5):1166–1170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee S, Acharya BR, Bhattacharyya B, Chakrabarti G (2010) Genistein arrests cell cycle progression of A549 cells at the G(2)/M phase and depolymerizes interphase microtubules through binding to a unique site of tubulin. Biochemistry-US 49(8):1702–1712

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukhopadhyay NK, Gordon GJ, Chen CJ, Bueno R, Sugarbaker DJ, Jaklitsch MT (2005) Activation of focal adhesion kinase in human lung cancer cells involves multiple and potentially parallel signaling events. J Cell Mol Med 9(2):387–397

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicolas A, Safran SA (2006) Limitation of cell adhesion by the elasticity of the extracellular matrix. Biophys J 91(1):61–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oates A, Barraclough R, Rudland P (1996) The identification of osteopontin as a metastasis-associated gene product in a rodent mammary tumor model. Oncogene 13(1):97–104

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oh HY, Leem J, Yoon SJ, Yoon S, Hong SJ (2010) Lipid raft cholesterol and genistein inhibit the cell viability of prostate cancer cells via the partial contribution of EGFR-Akt/p70S6k pathway and down-regulation of androgen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 393(2):319–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohno S, Shinoda S, Toyoshima S, Nakazawa H, Makino T, Nakajin S (2002) Effects of flavonoid phytochemicals on cortisol production and on activities of steroidogenic enzymes in human adrenocortical H295R cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 80(3):355–363

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohno S, Nakajima Y, Inoue K, Nakazawa H, Nakajin S (2003) Genistein administration decreases serum corticosterone and testosterone levels in rats. Life Sci 74(6):733–742

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pawlikowska-Pawlega B, Misiak LE, Zarzyka B, Paduch R, Gawron A, Gruszecki WI (2012) Localization and interaction of genistein with model membranes formed with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA–Biomembranes) 1818(7):1785–1793

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piao M, Mori D, Satoh T, Sugita Y, Tokunaga O (2006) Inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, in vitro angiogenesis, and the down regulation of cell adhesion-related genes by genistein. Combined with a cDNA microarray analysis. Endothelium. J Endothelial Cell Res 13(4):249–266

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pugalendhi P, Manoharan S, Suresh K, Baskaran N (2011) Genistein and daidzein, in combination, protect cellular integrity during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague–Dawley rats. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 8(2):91–97

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raghunathan M, Zubovski Y, Venable RM, Pastor RW, Nagle JF, Tristram-Nagle S (2012) Structure and elasticity of lipid membranes with genistein and daidzein bioflavinoids using x-ray scattering and MD simulations. J Phys Chem B Condens Matter Mater Surf Interfaces Biophys 116(13):3918–3927

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryschich E, Khamidjanov A, Kerkadze V, Büchler MW, Zöller M, Schmidt J (2009) Promotion of tumor cell migration by extracellular matrix proteins in human pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 38(7):804–810

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sawai H, Okada Y, Funahashi H, Matsuo Y, Takahashi H, Takeyama H et al (2005) Activation of focal adhesion kinase enhances the adhesion and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 signaling pathway activation. Mol Cancer 4:37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Senger DR, Ledbetter SR, Claffey KP, Papadopoulos-Sergiou A, Peruzzi CA, Detmar M (1996) Stimulation of endothelial cell migration by vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor through cooperative mechanisms involving the alphavbeta 3 integrin, osteopontin, and thrombin. Am J Pathol 149(1):293–305

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell KDR (1998) Phytoestrogens: the biochemistry, physiology, and implications for human health of soy isoflavones. Am J Clin Nutr 68(6Suppl):1333S–1346S

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shieh DB, Li RY, Liao JM, Chen GD, Liou YM (2010) Effects of genistein on β-catenin signaling and subcellular distribution of actin-binding proteins in human umbilical CD 105-positive stromal cells. J Cell Physiol 223(2):423–434

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simon SI, Schmid-Schönbein GW (1990) Kinematics of cytoplasmic deformation in neutrophils during active motion. J Biomech Eng Trans ASME Am Soc Mech Eng 112(3):303–310

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stetler-Stevenson WG, Yu AE (2001) Proteases in invasion: matrix metalloproteinases. Semin Cancer Biol 11(2):143–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takeuchi S, Takahashi T, Sawada Y, Iida M, Matsuda T, Kojima H (2009) Comparative study on the nuclear hormone receptor activity of various phytochemicals and their metabolites by reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biol Pharm Bull 32(2):195–202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thalmann G, Sikes R, Devoll R, Kiefer J, Markwalder R, Klima I et al (1999) Osteopontin: possible role in prostate cancer progression. Clin Cancer Res 5(8):2271–2277

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tiyasatkulkovit W, Charoenphandhu N, Wongdeea K, Thongbunchoo J, Krishnamra N, Malaivijitnond S (2012) Upregulation of osteoblastic differentiation marker mRNA expression in osteoblast-like UMR106 cells by puerarin and phytoestrogens from Pueraria mirifica. Phytomedicine 19(13):1147–1155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuchiya H, Nagayama M, Tanaka T, Furusawa M, Kashimata M, Takeuchi H (2002) Membrane-rigidifying effects of anti-cancer dietary factors. Biofactors 16(3–4):45–56

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu T, Sikes R, Cui Q, Kao C, Murphy C, Yang H et al (1998) Establishing human prostate cancer cell xenografts in bone: induction of osteoblastic reaction by PSA producing tumors in athymic and SCID mice using LNCaP and lineage related metastatic sublines. Int J Cancer 77(6):887–894

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yi K, Unruh JR, Deng M, Slaughter BD, Rubinstein B, Li R (2011) Dynamic maintenance of asymmetric meiotic spindle position through Arp2/3-complex-driven cytoplasmic streaming in mouse oocytes. Nat Cell Biol 13(10):1252–1258

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoshiki H, Sumii K, Sperelakis N (1996) Inhibition of L-type calcium current in rat ventricular cells by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein and its inactive analog daidzein. J Mol Cell Cardiol 28(4):807–814

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan WJ, Jia FY, Jian-Zhong Meng MM (2009) Effects of genistein on secretion of extracellular matrix components and transforming growth factor beta in high-glucose-cultured rat mesangial cells. J Artif Organs 12(4):242–246

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang QH, Hu YZ, Zhou SS, Wang FZ (2001) Inhibitory effect of genistein on the proliferation of the anterior pituitary cells of rats. Sheng Li Xue Bao 53(1):51–54

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zicha J, Kunes J, Devynck MA (1999) Abnormalities of membrane function and lipid metabolism in hypertension. Am J Hypertens 12(3):315–331

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd., 11060, Belgrade, Serbia

    Vladimir Z. Ajdžanović, Ivana M. Medigović, Jasmina B. Pantelić & Verica Lj. Milošević

Authors
  1. Vladimir Z. Ajdžanović
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ivana M. Medigović
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jasmina B. Pantelić
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Verica Lj. Milošević
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vladimir Z. Ajdžanović.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ajdžanović, V.Z., Medigović, I.M., Pantelić, J.B. et al. Soy isoflavones and cellular mechanics. J Bioenerg Biomembr 46, 99–107 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-013-9536-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-013-9536-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation