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Tissue reactions to bioabsorbable ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide-polyglycolide 80/20 screws in rabbits’ cranial bone

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess tissue reactions to bioabsorbable self-reinforced ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide/polyglycolide (SR-PLGA) 80/20 screws in rabbits’ cranial bone. Two screws were implanted in each rabbit, one screw on either side of the sagittal suture (n = 28 rabbits). Animals were sacrificed after 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 54 and 72 weeks, four animals per group. On histological examination the number of macrophages, giant cells, active osteoblasts and fibrous tissue layers were assessed and degradation of the screws was evaluated. At 2 weeks, the highest number of macrophages and giant cells were seen near the heads of the screws. After 4 and 8 weeks, the number of giant cells decreased but that of macrophages decreased from 16 weeks and on. Screws were surrounded by fibrous tissue capsule that progressively was growing in thickness by time. Active osteoblasts were seen around the shaft of the screws with the highest number seen at 4 weeks postoperatively. At 16 weeks, compact fragmentation of the screw heads was seen with macrophages seen inside the screw matrices. After 24 weeks, no polarization of the screws was seen. After one year, PLGA screws had been replaced by adipose tissue, fibrous tissue and “foamy macrophages” which had PLGA particles inside them. After 1½ years, the amount of biomaterial remaining had decreased remarkably. The particles of biomaterial were inside “foamy macrophages.” Ciprofloxacin-releasing SR-PLGA 80/20 screws elicited a mild inflammatory reaction but did not interfere with osteoblast activity. No complications were seen when implanted in cranial bone of rabbit.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

    Johanna Tiainen, Timo Waris & Nureddin Ashammakhi

  2. Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

    Ylermi Soini

  3. Linvatec Biomaterials Ltd., Tampere, Finland

    Esa Suokas

  4. Institute of Biomaterials, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland

    Minna Veiranto, Pertti Törmälä & Nureddin Ashammakhi

  5. Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland

    Johanna Tiainen

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  1. Johanna Tiainen
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  2. Ylermi Soini
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  3. Esa Suokas
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  6. Timo Waris
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  7. Nureddin Ashammakhi
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Correspondence to Johanna Tiainen.

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Sources of support: Technology Development Center in Finland (TEKES, 90220), the European Commission (Biomedicine and Health Programme, European Union Demonstration Project BMH4-98-3892 and R&D Project QLRT-2000-00487), the Academy of Finland (Group of Excellence, Project 37726), and the Ministry of Education (Graduate School of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering).

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Tiainen, J., Soini, Y., Suokas, E. et al. Tissue reactions to bioabsorbable ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide-polyglycolide 80/20 screws in rabbits’ cranial bone. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 17, 1315–1322 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-006-0606-8

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