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Polyurethane foam derived nitrogen-enriched porous carbon/reduced graphene oxide composite with sandwich-like nanoarchitectures for supercapacitors

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Abstract

A new type of polyurethane (PU) foam derived nitrogen-enriched porous carbon/reduced graphene oxide (PU/rGO) composite was synthesized and studied for the first time. By taking advantages of PU foam as carbon skeleton precursor, GO nanosheets wrapped onto the skeleton’s surface through hydrothermal process, then the stable porous sandwich-like nanoarchitectures built after carbonization process. Moreover, the wrapped GO can be transformed into rGO due to thermal reduction during the carbonization process. When being applied as supercapacitor electrodes, the prepared PU/rGO composite could achieve an extremely high specific capacitance of 490 and 341.7 F g−1 at a current density of 1 and 20 A g−1, respectively. After 5000 cycles, the specific retention yielded to 97.3% at 1 A g−1. Resulting from these merits, the as-assembled symmetric supercapacitor device with a wide operating voltage window of 1.5 V exhibit an excellent energy density of 21.66 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 825 W kg−1 and remain 7.5 Wh kg−1 even at a high power density of 2250 W kg−1. Most importantly, this work may offer a strategy for converting the PU foam wastes into carbon material with excellent electrochemical performance applied on energy storage.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Numbers 2017YFD0500706 and 2017YFD0500603), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers 31570929 and 31771000), Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (Grant Number C2017058), Innovation Foundation of Harbin (Grant Number 2017RAXXJ001), Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training project of China (Grant Number 201710212013), Graduate Student Innovation Research Project Funding of Heilongjiang University (Grant Number YJSCX2017-159HLJU) and Key Scientific Technological Planning Project of Harbin (Grant Number 2016AB3BN036).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemistry Engineering and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Zhang, Lei Guo, Qiuyu Meng, Zhaohui Li, Mengmeng Chang, Meihua Liu & Zheng Jin

  2. Key Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, People’s Republic of China

    Wenqian Wang & Kai Zhao

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  1. Jian Zhang
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  2. Lei Guo
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Correspondence to Zheng Jin or Kai Zhao.

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Zhang, J., Guo, L., Meng, Q. et al. Polyurethane foam derived nitrogen-enriched porous carbon/reduced graphene oxide composite with sandwich-like nanoarchitectures for supercapacitors. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 29, 9942–9953 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9036-x

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