Abstract
Diatomite, treated by low temperature magnesiothermic reduction as the Si source, was used to synthesize the porous Si/graphene (Si/G) composite. Graphene deposited on the surface of porous Si by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process not only buffered the volume effect, but also optimized the electrical conductivity. The obtained Si/G composites exhibited superior reversible capacity of about 1173.6 mAh·g−1 and the current density of 100 mA·g−1 with an excellent capacity retention in the following circulations. Moreover, the composite possesses an excellent rate performance even at high current density. The results suggested that the successful composite of porous Si and graphene could effectively improve the electrochemical performance of Si-based materials and it also offered a new way for the application of diatomite.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
U. Kasavajjula, C.S. Wang, A.J. Appleby, J. Power Sources 163, 1003 (2007)
H. Kim, B. Han, J. Choo, J. Cho, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 47, 10151 (2008)
L. Gan, H. Guo, Z. Wang, X. Li, W. Peng, J. Wng, Electrochim. Acta 104, 117 (2013)
M.N. Obrovac, L. Christensen, Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 7, A93 (2004)
C.K. Chan, R. Ruffo, S.S. Hong, R.A. Huggins, Y. Cui, J. Power Sources 189, 34 (2009)
B.C. Kim, H. Ueno, T. Satou, T. Fuse, T. Ishihara, M. Ue, M. Senna, J. Electrochem. Soc. 152, A523 (2005)
X. Xin, X.F. Zhou, F. Wang, X.Y. Yao, X.X. Xu, Y.M. Zhu, Z.P. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. 22, 7724 (2012)
A. Magasinki, P. Dixon, B. Hertzberg, A. Kvit, J. Ayala, G. Yushin, Nat. Mater. 9, 353 (2010)
B.M. Bang, J.I. Lee, H.J. Kim, J. Cho, S.J. Park, Adv. Energy Mater. 2, 878 (2012)
D.Y. Chen, X. Mei, G. Ji, M.H. Lu, J.P. Xie, J.M. Lu, J.Y. Lee, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 51, 2409 (2012)
S.R. Gowda, V. Pushparaj, S. Herle, G. Girishkumar, J.G. Gordon, H. Gullapalli, X.B. Zhan, P.M. Ajayan, A.L.M. Reddy, Nano Lett. 12, 6060 (2012)
M. Thakur, S.L. Sinsabaugh, M.J. Isaacson, M.S. Wong, S.L. Biswal, Sci. Rep. 2, 822 (2012)
R. Yi, F. Dai, M.L. Gordin, S.R. Chen, D.H. Wang, Adv. Energy Mater. 3, 295 (2013)
N. Liu, Z.D. Lu, J. Zhao, M.T. McDowell, H.W. Lee, W.T. Zhao, Y. Cui, Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 187 (2014)
X. Li, M. Gu, S. Hu, R. Kennard, P. Yan, X. Chen, C. Wang, M.J. Sailor, J.G. Zhang, J. Liu, Nat. Commun. 5, 4105 (2014)
R. Yi, J.T. Zai, F. Dai, M.L. Gordin, D.H. Wang, Nano Energy 6, 211 (2014)
Z.D. Lu, N. Liu, H.W. Lee, J. Zhao, W.Y. Li, Y.Z. Li, Y. Cui, ACS Nano 9, 2540 (2015)
B.K.S. Novoseolov, A.K. Geim, S.V. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S.V. Dubonos, I.V. Grigorieva, A.A. Firsov, Science 306, 666 (2010)
X. Zhou, T. Wu, B. Hu, G. Yang, B. Han, Chem. Commun. 46, 3663 (2010)
H. Wang, Y. Yang, Y. Liang, J.T. Robinson, Y. Li, A. Jackson, Y. Cui, H. Dai, Nano Lett. 11, 2644 (2011)
X.L. Wang, W.Q. Han, ACS Appl. Mater. Int. 2, 3709 (2010)
H. Jia, P. Gao, J. Yang, J. Wang, Y. Nuli, Z. Yang, Adv. Energy Mater. 1, 1036 (2011)
S. Yang, X. Feng, L. Wang, K. Tang, J. Maier, K. Mullen, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 49, 4795 (2010)
X. Zhou, Y.X. Yin, L.J. Wan, Y.G. Guo, Chem. Commun. 48, 2198 (2012)
Y. Sun, Q. Wu, G. Shi, Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 1113 (2011)
H.Y. Lee, S.M. Lee, Electrochem. Commun. 6, 465 (2004)
G.X. Wang, J. Yao, H.K. Liu, Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 7, A250 (2004)
D.P. Wong, H.P. Tseng, Y.T. Chen, B.J. Hwang, L.C. Chen, K.H. Chen, Carbon 63, 397 (2013)
S. Kim, P.N. Kumta, J. Power Sources 136, 145 (2004)
G.X. Wang, J.H. Ahn, J. Yao, S. Bewlay, H.K. Liu, Electrochem. Commun. 6, 689 (2004)
N. Dimov, S. Kugino, M. Yoshio, J. Power Sources 136, 108 (2004)
M. Holzapfel, H. Buqa, W. Scheifele, P. Novk, F.M. Petrat, Chem. Commun. 12, 1566 (2005)
X.H. Cao, Y.M. Shi, W.H. Shi, X. Huang, Q.Y. Yan, Q.C. Zhang, H. Zhang, Small 7, 3163 (2011)
M. Holzapfel, H. Buqa, F. Krumeich, P. Novak, F.M. Petrat, C. Velt, Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 8, A516 (2005)
L.W. Ji, A. Ismach, Y.G. Zhang, H.H. Zheng, Z.K. Tan, S.D. Xun, E. Lin, V. Battaglia, V. Srinivasan, Nano Energy 1, 164 (2012)
V. Chabot, K. Feng, H.W. Park, F.M. Hassan, A.R. Elsayed, A. Yu, X.C. Xiao, Z.W. Chen, Electrochim. Acta 130, 127 (2014)
K. Raidongia, A. Nag, K.P.S.S. Hembram, U.V. Waghmare, R. Datta, C.N.R. Rao, Chem. Eur. J. 16, 149 (2010)
H.F. Xiang, K. Zhang, G. Ji, J.Y. Lee, C. Zou, X.D. Chen, J.S. Wu, Carbon 49, 1787 (2011)
J. Guo, X. Chen, C. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. 20, 5035 (2010)
J.T. McCann, B. Lim, R. Ostermann, M. Rycenga, M. Marquez, Y. Xia, Nano Lett. 7, 2470 (2007)
Z.F. Li, H.Y. Zhang, Q. Liu, Y.D. Liu, L. Stanciu, J. Xie, ACS Appl. Mater. Int. 6, 5996 (2014)
J. Luo, X. Zhao, J. Huang, J. Wu, H.D. Jang, H.H. Kung, J. Phy. Chem. Lett. 64, 83 (2012)
X.H. Liu, C.L. Yan, O.G. Schmidt, J. Zhang, W.P. Si, L.X. Xi, B. Eichler, ACS Nano 9, 1 (2015)
Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the industrial technology innovation strategic alliance project of science and technology department of Jilin province (20130305017 GX).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, Yj., Chu, H., Zhao, Lw. et al. Si/graphene composite as high-performance anode materials for Li-ion batteries. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 6657–6663 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-6357-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-6357-0