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Electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction based on electrospun polyacrylonitrile, styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer and carbon nanotube composite fibres

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Abstract

In this work, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composite fibres (PAN/SAN/CNT) were prepared by electrospinning. The electrospun fibres were further pyrolysed (800–1200 °C) in N2 atmosphere with or without prior stabilisation (at 250 °C) in air to produce electrocatalyst materials for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The ORR was studied in alkaline solution by linear sweep voltammetry and rotating disc electrode (RDE) method. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed the tubular structure of the pyrolysed PAN/SAN/CNT fibres with visible MWCNTs. According to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, the prepared catalysts consisted of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. According to the RDE results, the most active catalyst towards the ORR (the onset and half-wave potential of − 0.13 V and −0.29 V vs SCE in 0.1 M KOH, respectively) was obtained by pyrolysing non-stabilised PAN/SAN/CNT fibres at 1100 °C. The ORR activity of the best performing catalyst is attributed to the nitrogen species, quinone groups and porous tubular structure of the catalyst material.

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Acknowledgements

The present work was financially supported by institutional research funding (IUT20-16 and IUT2-24) of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research and by the Estonian Research Council (INDIGO project). This research was also supported by the EU through the European Regional Development Fund (TK141, “Advanced materials and high-technology devices for energy recuperation systems”).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia

    Marek Mooste, Elo Kibena-Põldsepp, Maido Merisalu, Väino Sammelselg & Kaido Tammeveski

  2. Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia

    Viktoria Vassiljeva, Mai Uibu & Andres Krumme

  3. Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia

    Maido Merisalu, Mati Kook, Alexey Treshchalov, Vambola Kisand & Väino Sammelselg

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  1. Marek Mooste
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Mooste, M., Kibena-Põldsepp, E., Vassiljeva, V. et al. Electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction based on electrospun polyacrylonitrile, styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer and carbon nanotube composite fibres. J Mater Sci 54, 11618–11634 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03725-z

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