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Synthesis and functionalization of carbon nanotubes and nanospheres as a support for the immobilization of an enzyme extract from the mushroom Trametes versicolor

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Abstract

In this work, an enzyme extract immobilization over carbon nanomaterials is presented; that is, carbon nanospheres (CNSs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), using covalent bonds with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking compound. Carbon nanostructures were obtained by chemical vapor deposition using an iron–cobalt powder alloy prepared by the sol–gel process and using silica powder as support. Acetylene gas was used as carbon carrier to prepare both the CNTs and CNSs. Both nanostructures were oxidized with an acid treatment in order to add functional groups to the surface and subsequently immobilize the enzymes. Carbon nanostructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy to confirm oxidation, immobilization and structural properties. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that carbon nanostructures improve the electron transfer of the electrode. Finally, the cyclic voltammetry provided information about the redox process before and after immobilization. Even more, the catalytic activity of the enzymes extract was evaluated showing that CNSs are the best support.

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Acknowledegements

Authors show their gratitude to the Michoacan University which provided the biological and electrochemical characterization, especially to Dr. Gerardo Vazquez Marrufo who gave the enzyme extract. We acknowledge the carbon nanomaterials and their structural characterization to CINVESTAV. Mariana Romero Arcos wants to thank the fund CONACYT-SENER for the scholarship support. The M. A. Gonzalez-Reyna and Maria Selene Luna-Martínez’s scholarships were supported by CONACYT under grant 424698.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cinvestav Libramiento Norponiente, #2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, C.P. 76230, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico

    Mariana Romero-Arcos

  2. Laboratorio de Materiales Nanoestructurados y Caracterización Electroquímica, Cinvestav Libramiento Norponiente, #2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, C.P. 76230, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico

    Juan Francisco Pérez-Robles

  3. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Santiago Tapia 403, col. Centro, C.P. 5800, Morelia, Mexico

    Ma. Guadalupe Garnica-Romo

  4. Programa de Doctorado en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Cinvestav Zacatenco, Mexico, Mexico

    Maria Selene Luna-Martinez & M. A. Gonzalez-Reyna

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  1. Mariana Romero-Arcos
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  2. Juan Francisco Pérez-Robles
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Correspondence to Juan Francisco Pérez-Robles.

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Romero-Arcos, M., Pérez-Robles, J.F., Guadalupe Garnica-Romo, M. et al. Synthesis and functionalization of carbon nanotubes and nanospheres as a support for the immobilization of an enzyme extract from the mushroom Trametes versicolor. J Mater Sci 54, 11671–11681 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03722-2

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