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Comparative study of dielectric properties of the PVDF composites filled with spherical and rod-like BaTiO3 derived by molten salt synthesis method

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Abstract

In the molten salt environment, the BaTiO3 spherical nanoparticles (BTNPs) and BaTiO3 nanorods (BTNRs) have been synthesized, respectively, in which spherical TiO2 and rod-like BaTi2O5 are precursors. The dissolution–precipitation is the main dominated mechanism in the formation of BTNPs, while the dissolution–diffusion is the main mechanism responsible for the formation of BTNRs. The latter is also called as topochemical mechanism, which is associated with the assembly of [TiO6] octahedron units in the transformation from BaTi2O5 to BaTiO3. By using these two kinds of BT as fillers, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based composites, BTNPs/PVDF and BTNRs/PVDF, have been constructed and their dielectric properties have been investigated. It was found that there were three main factors related to filler morphology affecting the dielectric properties of the composites, i.e., intrinsic polarization of filler, the interface polarization and electric field distribution between the filler and the matrix. Though the spontaneous polarization of 600-nm-sized BTNPs is larger, the interfacial area of BTNRs/PVDF composite is larger than that of BTNPs (600 nm)/PVDF composite, which is advantageous to enhance the interface polarization. Moreover, the analysis through Potential-Across model revealed that BTNRs/PVDF composite has stronger electric field intensity distribution across BTNRs filler in comparison with BTNPs/PVDF, which plays the key role in improving the dielectric properties of composites. This work not only presents the BTNRs/PVDF composite with good dielectric performance, the related design and the theory analysis also facilitate the development of more new high dielectric composites based on morphology control of ferroelectric filler.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51602012, 51677001), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (Grant No. 4164078), Ri-Xin Talents Project of Beijing University of Technology (Grant No. 2017-RX(1)-15), Jing-Hua Talents Project of Beijing University of Technology (Grant No. 2015-JH-L04) and Beijing Municipal High Level Innovative Team Building Program (No. IDHT20170502).

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  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China

    Jing Fu, Yudong Hou, Mupeng Zheng & Mankang Zhu

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  1. Jing Fu
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  2. Yudong Hou
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  3. Mupeng Zheng
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  4. Mankang Zhu
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Correspondence to Yudong Hou.

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Fu, J., Hou, Y., Zheng, M. et al. Comparative study of dielectric properties of the PVDF composites filled with spherical and rod-like BaTiO3 derived by molten salt synthesis method. J Mater Sci 53, 7233–7248 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2114-x

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